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Learn about liquidity management, interest rate risk, contingency funding, and concentration risk strategies. Understand ALM policy design, IRR metrics, liquidity ratios, and stress test scenarios.
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Managing Liquidity and Stress Testing Arizona AFP, May 18, 2016 Brian Peterson, CTP Treasury Strategist, Arizona Federal Credit Union
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A
My Background • Arizona Native • Chess Champion • Favorite Game: Acquire • Newly Created Positions
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A
ALM = Balance Sheet Management • Adequate earnings in changing interest rate environments (Managing Risk). • Stable or increasing net interest margin. • Adequate liquidity. • Acceptable level of net worth.
ALM Policy Design • Pros/Cons of one versus multiple policies. • Static versus Dynamic Metrics. • Asset Liability Committee (ALCO). • Board Presentations and Minutes.
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A
Interest Rate Risk (IRR) • Impact on earnings and net worth from changes in interest rates. • Timing differences in asset and liability repricing. • Prepayments and rate caps. • Unexpected changes to the yield curve.
IRR Metrics • Earnings at Risk (EaR) • Instantaneous Rate Shocks (i.e., +/- 300 bps). • No more than 15% changes to earnings. • Net Economic Value (NEV) at Risk • Incorporates all cash flows over estimated life of all balance sheet positions. • No more than 30% changes to NEV.
Interest Rate Sensitivities • GAP Ratio = Rate Sensitive Assets/Rate Sensitive Liabilities. • Deposit pricing and sensitivity assumptions are critical. • > 1 = Assets are more sensitive than liabilities. Revenues likely to increase as interest rates increase. • < 1 = opposite of the above.
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A
Liquidity Risk • Regular monitoring of • Current and future cash flows. • Balance Sheet Mix. • Borrowing Capacity.
Increasing Liquidity • Increase deposit balances. • Increase available credit lines. • Sell assets, including investments and loans.
Key Liquidity Ratios • Borrowed Lines/Total Assets < 15% • Total Loans/Total Assets < 60% • Total Loans/Total Deposits < 80% • Total Deposits/Total Assets > 60%
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A
Contingency Funding Plan for Risk of Crisis • Sufficient funding available in crisis situations. • Inability to fund asset growth. • Inability to renew or replace liability funding. • Unexpected deposit withdrawals. • Market value changes to certain asset classes. • Operational or local disasters.
Liquidity Severity Levels • Strong (Level I) • Adequate (Level II) • Short Term Funding Event • Weak (Level III) • Long Term Moderate Funding Crisis Developing • Critical (Level IV) • Long Term Severe Funding Crisis
Stress Test Scenarios • Deposit Runoff • Prepayment Speeds • Interest Rate Shock • Available Borrowing Lines • Increased Loan Defaults
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A
Concentration Risk • Risk of a significant loss due to concentrating entirely on one or a few issuers, or concentrating on a single type of investment or loan product. • Asset Classes. • Member Business Loans (MBLs). • Loan Participations. • Loans to single borrower. • Investments with high credit risk (i.e., private label).
Concentration Risk Limits % of Assets or multiple of Net Worth • Auto Loans • 1st Mortgage Loans • 2nd Mortgage and HELOC • Unqualified Mortgage Loans • Unsecured Loans • Credit Cards
Agenda • My Background • Asset Liability Management • Interest Rate Risk • Liquidity Risk • Contingency Funding Plan • Concentration Risk • Q&A