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Head injuries

Head injuries. Z. Rozkydal. Head injury Skull fractures Brain lesion or damage Scalp wounds Injury to the spine in the neck. Signs History of a severe blow Increasing drowsiness Headache, unequal pupil size Confusion, dizziness Loss of balance, loss of memory

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Head injuries

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  1. Head injuries Z. Rozkydal

  2. Head injury Skull fractures Brain lesion or damage Scalp wounds Injury to the spine in the neck

  3. Signs History of a severe blow Increasing drowsiness Headache, unequal pupil size Confusion, dizziness Loss of balance, loss of memory Difficult speaking, difficult walking Vomiting, double vision Seizures Bleeding, leakage of blood of watery fluid from the ear or nose Loss of consciousness

  4. Assesment of level of consciousness A Alert, respond to questions eyes are open V Voice, respond to voice, obey commands P Pain, respond to pain U Unresponsive to any stimulus

  5. Whiplash injury

  6. Recovery position

  7. Log- roll technigue

  8. First aid: Free airways Cold compresses at the site of injury Monitor vital signs CPR Stabilisation of cervical spine (Philadelphia collar) Sterile dressing of the ear or nose Philadelphia collar

  9. Brain lesion Concussion (commotio cerebri) Contusion of the brain (contusio cerebri) Epidural haematoma Subdural haematoma Subarachnoideal bleeding Intracerebral bleeding Intraventricular bleeding

  10. Concussion (commotio cerebri) Temporary loss of consciousness Nausea, vomiting, retrograde amnesia Rapid pulse, flat breathing, pale Functional lesion of neurons

  11. Management of concussion Admission to the hospital Sedatives Prevention of epilepsy (Sanepil) Postconcussion syndrom: Headache, vertigo, fatique, desorientation sleep problem

  12. Contusion of the brain (contusio cerebri) Structural damage of the brain Unconsciousness two hours or more Impaired motor function Impairment of sensation

  13. Epidural haematoma Between the skull and hard tissue Artery or vein

  14. Symptoms: Short period of unconsciousness after head injury Free interval (minutes or hours)- minimal problems Headache, nausea, vomiting Coma, seizures Unequal pupils- mydriasis on the site of bleeding

  15. First aid Rescue position Free airways Management Neurosurgry, craniotomy, stop bleeding Removal of haematoma

  16. Subdural haematoma Symptoms: Unconsciousness immediately No free interval Seizures, motor collision

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