1 / 32

Poisonings & Overdose

Poisonings & Overdose. accidental or deliberate. Poison Any substance whose chemical action can damage body structures or impair body functions Substance Abuse The knowing misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect. Routes of Entry. oral ingestion (PO) inhalation

huela
Download Presentation

Poisonings & Overdose

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Poisonings & Overdose accidental or deliberate

  2. Poison • Any substance whose chemical action can damage body structures or impair body functions Substance Abuse • The knowing misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect

  3. Routes of Entry • oral ingestion (PO) • inhalation • injection ( IV, SC, IM, IO) • absorption (SL, transcutaneous, PR)

  4. Ingested Poison • accounts for 80% of all poisonings • accidental or deliberate • Activated charcoal – NOT used by EMT’s in LA County • ABCs and transport

  5. Inhaled Poisons • Wide range of effects • YOUR safety is 1st • Move to fresh air immediately • Provide airway support and rapid transport • Bring contained agent or label to hospital

  6. Injected Poisons • Usually deliberate (drug OD) • Impossible to remove or dilute • Can be counteracted (ALS) • ABC’s, high flow O2, rapid transport

  7. Absorbed Poisons • Corrosives will damage the skin • Some drugs are absorbed SL or PR • Treat chemical burns • Do not irrigate Phosphorous or elemental Na • ABC’s, O2, rapid transport

  8. Inducing vomiting • not within the EMT-1 scope of practice to induce vomiting • But, is the indicated treatment for many poisonings/overdose THE 3 EXCEPTIONS - next slide please

  9. No Vomiting • ALOC • Pts at risk for seizures • Injested caustics / hydrocarbons

  10. TX – Injested caustics/hydrocarbons • discourage vomiting • drink water or milk if available • rapid transport

  11. Anticholinergics • block the parasympathetic nerves • “Hot as a hare, blind as a bat, dry as a bone, red as a beet, and mad as a hatter” • seizure and death within 30 minutes • Have ALS backup or transport rapidly

  12. Cholinergic Agents • nerve agents for warfare • organophosphate insecticide or wild mushrooms • overstimulate parasympathetic nerves

  13. D Defecation U Urination M Miosis B Bronchorrhea E Emesis L Lacrimation S Salivation S Salivation L Lacrimation U Urination D Defecation G GI irritation E Eye constriction Signs and Symptoms of Cholinergic Poisoning

  14. Rx • SAFETY – avoid exposure • support ABC’s prn • suction • high flow oxygen • rapid transport • may be HazMat

  15. Drug Categories • Narcotics or opiates • Depressants - barbiturates - downers • Stimulants - uppers • Hallucinogens - including PCP • Designer • Hydrocarbons

  16. Narcotics or Opiates • ALOC • respiratory depression/hypoventilation • pinpoint pupils • hypotension • nausea/ vomiting

  17. Depressants (sedative – hypnotic) • ALOC • respiratory depression /hypoventilation • pupils dilated • loss of coordination • slurred speech • bradycardia and hypotension

  18. Stimulants (Sympathomimetics) • agitation & anxiety • dilated pupils • tachycardia • hypertension • rapid speech • seizures

  19. Hallucinogens • blank stare • visual hallucinations • tachycardia, hypertension • anxiety, agitation

  20. Hallucinogens • inappropriate behavior • dilated pupils • nystagmus • hot flashes (equals naked patients) • seizures

  21. Hallucinogen - PCP • phencyclidine • “slow motion man” • fast if violent • increased strength • nystagmus • rebound dilation

  22. Designer Drugs Chemically designed for a specific effect • Ecstasy • GHB Overdose: Respiratory arrest - Hallucinations - ALOC

  23. Hydrocarbons (Abused Inhalants) • paint residue around mouth & hands • smell of paint or glue • coughing • choking

  24. Aspirin • Signs and symptoms • Nausea/vomiting • Hyperventilation • Ringing in ears • Confusion • Seizures • Transport promptly

  25. Acetaminophen • common overdose • not very toxic • liver failure

  26. Rx for All • protect self • ABC’s • high flow oxygen • position of comfort • transport

  27. CO poisoning • headache • confusion • nausea & vomiting • dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia • unconsciousness

  28. Rx • protect self • remove patient from source • ABCs • high flow oxygen

  29. Food Poisoning • Salmonella bacterium • Staphylococcus • Botulism

  30. Care for Food Poisoning • History is important • Transport promptly • bring some of the suspected food to the hospital

  31. Plant Poisoning • Several thousand cases each year • Assess the patient’s airway and vital signs. • Notify poison control center. • Take the plant to the emergency department. • Provide prompt transport.

  32. the end Next?

More Related