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World War II

World War II. 1939-1945. Before WWII. Japan invades China and in Nanjing, China they kill over 200,000 residents No one does anything Germany takes Sudetenland League of Nations does nothing Soviet Union attacks Finland League of Nations kicks Soviet Union out What does this accomplish?

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World War II

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  1. World War II 1939-1945

  2. Before WWII • Japan invades China and in Nanjing, China they kill over 200,000 residents • No one does anything • Germany takes Sudetenland • League of Nations does nothing • Soviet Union attacks Finland • League of Nations kicks Soviet Union out • What does this accomplish? • Italy attacks Ethiopia • No one does anything

  3. The start of World War II • Hitler invades Poland in 1939 • Blitzkrieg • France and Great Britain declare war • Poland still falls by September

  4. France Falls • Hitler attacks Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg • Next heads for France • Maginot Line fails to help • 338,000 British and French troops escape to Britain

  5. France Falls • Hitler captures Paris and forces French surrender • Northern France is occupied by the Germans • France fell in 35 days

  6. Battle of Britain • Hitler’s last goal is Great Britain • Starts in July and goes until November 1940 • Germany loses to the Royal Air Force but 500 pilots were killed • Hitler has to cancel invasion plans • Britain is alone in the fight against Germany

  7. Soviet Union • Hitler and Stalin had a pact, but both knew it wouldn’t last long • June 1941 Hitler attacked the Soviet Union • Most forces were then occupied in the Soviet Union • Operation Barbarossa

  8. Italy • Mussolini focuses largely on Northern Africa and the Mediterranean • Some small victories, but eventually the climate of Africa led to their defeat

  9. Pearl Harbor • Sunday December 7, 1941 • Oahu, Hawaii • Lasted about 2 hours • 2,402 were killed • 1,282 wounded • 8 battleships damaged, 4 sunk • 3 cruisers, 3 destroyers, 1 anti-aircraft ship damaged or sunk • 188 aircraft destroyed • Preventative measure to keep US Pacific Fleet from interfering

  10. US Declares War • FDR requests that Congress declares war the next day on Japan • December 11, 1941 Germany and Italy also declare war on the US • FDR Speech to Congress

  11. Saving Private Ryan D Day Invasion Scene Based on what you heard in the movie, write a letter home or a journal about the D-Day Invasion

  12. Normandy Invasion • Element of surprise – tricked Germany • Began planning in the Spring of 1944 • Led by Dwight D. Eisenhower • Needed good weather and a full moon • Landed on June 6th • Largest amphibious invasion ever • 7,000 ships • 100,000 soldiers • 23,000 paratroopers

  13. Normandy Invasion • 60 mile span of beaches • Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, Juno • Allied victory • 12,000 overall casualties for Allies • Between 4,000 and 9,000 German casualties • Omaha was the only beach that struggled • Landed east of their planned locations • Eventually captured the beach • 5,000 American men died • 101st Airborne Regiment • Paratroopers landed behind enemy lines • Confused the Germans Troops from US, Great Britain, Canada, Poland, Free France, Belgium, Australia, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand

  14. Why was the Normandy Invasion so important? • Talk to the person next to you about why this invasion might be important – be ready to share something you come up with

  15. Home Front • Minorities gain ground • Women work in defense plants • FDR orders that there should be no discrimination in the work place – ensures that African Americans are hired • Mexican farmworkers come to help harvest in the Southwest with the Bracero Program

  16. Home Front • Wage and Price Controls • Regulates wages and prices to keep inflation under control • Government tried to prevent strikes • Rationing products like meat and sugar • Victory gardens • War bonds

  17. Japanese Internment • Hatred towards Japanese immigrants after Pearl Harbor • FDR signed an order allowing Japanese relocation • On the West Coast all people of Japanese ancestry had to move to 10 internment camps

  18. The Soft Underbelly • July and August 1943 • Allies land in Sicily • Begins liberation of Italy • Leads to hatred of Mussolini

  19. The Battle of Stalingrad • November 1942 • Based on the date of the attack, who do you think won – Germany or the Soviet Union? • Stalingrad had many important resources – the Volga River and a major railroad junction • Stalin refused to let his troops retreat • Almost 500,000 lost on both sides • Turning Point

  20. The Battle of the Bulge • Last German offensive December 16, 1944 • Tried to cut off Allied supplies • 12/24 German troops run out of ful and have to halt • General Patton breaks through German lines and by 1/8/45 Germans have to withdraw

  21. War Ends in Europe • Soviets getting closer to Berlin • American troops race east to Berlin • Hitler commits suicide April 30, 1945 • Doenitz (his successor) surrenders on May 7, 1945 • May 8, 1945 is V-E Day – “Victory in Europe”

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