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The Tudor Monarchs. 1485 - 1603. The War of the Roses. Civil War in England 1455-1485 The House of Lancaster vs. the House of York Ultimately, the House of Lancaster won. Henry Tudor VII. Defeated King Richard III (House of York) at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.
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The Tudor Monarchs 1485 - 1603
The War of the Roses • Civil War in England 1455-1485 • The House of Lancaster vs. the House of York • Ultimately, the House of Lancaster won
Henry Tudor VII • Defeated King Richard III (House of York) at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485 • Married a lady of the House of York to unite the families
Henry VIII • Wanted a son to secure the Tudor line • He married six times • Three children: • Mary • Elizabeth • Edward
Catherine of Aragon • Married 1509 • Daughter to the king of Spain • She bore Mary • Henry decided to divorce Catherine
Henry’s Break with the Church • At this time, England was a Catholic nation and a monarch could only gain a divorce with the permission of the pope • Furious, Henry decided to break with the Catholic Church and established a Protestant Church of England with himself at the head • However, the pope refused to grant permission. (partly because of Catherine’s powerful allies) This created many troubles down the road…
Anne Boleyn • Married 1533 • She bore Elizabeth • Protestant • Henry accused her of infidelity and had her beheaded in 1536
Jane Seymour • Married 1536 (11 days after execution of Anne) • Bore Edward but died soon after • Henry probably loved her best of all his wives
Anne of Cleves • Married 1540 • An arranged marriage • Henry thought she was ugly • Divorced 1540 – the same year!
Catherine Howard • Married 1540 • She was 20, Henry was 49 • The Duke of Norfolk vouched for her character and convinced the king to marry her
Catherine’s Howard’s Downfall • It was discovered that Catherine was having an affair with the king’s courtier, Thomas Culpeper, and that she had been with other men before her marriage • The king blamed the Duke of Norfolk for what happened • The king was very fond of Catherine and took the news very hard; however, he still had her executed for treason in 1542
Catherine Parr • Married 1543 • Looked after Henry’s children • Outlived Henry
Edward VI • Main characters in The Prince and the Pauper • Became king at the age of nine • Protestant • Illness caused him to die after only six years
Lady Jane Grey • Edward named his cousin Jane Grey as his successor • She was queen for only nine days – Mary took the throne and had her beheaded
Mary I • Determined to return England to the one true faith…Roman Catholic. • Referred to as “Bloody Mary” • Reigned for only 5 years before her death
Elizabeth I • A strong ruler • Never married • Ruled during the time of Shakespeare • Ruled for 45 years
The end of the Tudor line • Since Elizabeth had no children, the crown passed on to the Stewart family • In 1603 James I became king
Mini-Research Project • You will be assigned a topic to research for the class • Decide what is most important/most interesting about your topic • Create a PowerPoint/Prezi/Glogster/Any other sort of “visual” and an oral presentation • 4 images minimum
Mini-Research Groups 1. Tudor Entertainment 2. Tudor Education 3. Tudor Crime & Punishment 4. Tudor Food & Medicine 5. Tudor Towns 6. Tudor Clothing
Resources • http://www.localhistories.org/tudor.html • http://www.the-tudors.org.uk/tudor-england.htm • http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/tudors/dailylife.htm