Grammar – Unit 17 Present Perfect: Already and Yet

1. Grammar– Unit 17Present Perfect: Already and Yet

2. Objectives Unit 17 focuses on the uses of the present perfect with ready and yet • Affirmative present perfect statements with already express something that has happened before now. • Negative present perfect questions with yet ask express something that has not happened before now. • Present perfect questions with yet ask whether something has happened before now.

3. Grammar in Context Vocabulary After you read Items checked 1 3 4 5 • Take the plunge: to decide to do something risky, usually after delaying or worrying about it. • Don’t panic: stay calm. • Handy: useful, or simple to use. • Take a deep breath: to breathe a lot of air into your hugs at once.

4. Present Perfect: already Already Examples I’ve already sent the invitations. • Present perfect statements with already are formed with a form of have + already + past participle. • Already is used in affirmative statements. • Already goes between a form of have and the past participle.

5. Present Perfect: Yet Yet Examples I haven’t decided on the menu yet. • The present perfect with yet is formed with a form of have + not + past participle + yet. • Yet is used in negative statements. • Yet comes at the end of a clause.

6. Present Perfect Questions Yet Examples Have you chosen the date? Has Patty Cake replied to your e-mail yet? No, I haven't =No, not yet No, she hasn’t. = No, not yet. • present perfect questions with yet are formed with a form of have + subject + past participle + yet. • Some possible answers are: Yes, I have. Or No I haven’t. • Yet can be used in negative answers.

7. Note 1 already Examples I’ve already hired a party planner. Now Past future hire a party planner I’ve already bought the decorations. I bought the decorations yesterday. • Present perfect with already expresses that something has happened some time before now. • The simple past –not the present perfect--- is used with past time expressions. Unspecified time in the past: present perfect + already. • Specific time in the past: simple past + time expression

8. Note 2 Already Place ready in the two possible positions. She’s sent the invitations. She’s spoken to a party planner. She’s decided on the menu. • Have/has + already + past participle + (…) • Have/has + past participle + (…) + already • The usual placement of already is between a form of have and the past participle. • The end position is usually emphatic.

9. Note 3 yet Examples We’ve already finished unit 16, but we haven’t finished unit 17 yet. We’ve already read notes 1, 2, and 3, but we haven’t read note 4 yet. • The present perfect with yet usually indicates that something we expected to happen did not happen, and it may happen in the future.

10. The contrast between already and yet Schedule Make statements with already and yet and state if they are T/F It’s 7:30. Patty has already taken a shower. Ans: False. • Patty Cake • 7:00 gets up and eats breakfast • 8:30 takes a shower and gets dressed • 9:00 leaves home • 9:30 gets to her office

11. Note 4 yet Examples- read and put yet in the two possible positions. I haven’t chosen the day. I haven’t done the shopping. I haven’t bought the invitations. • Haven’t/hasn’t + past participle + (…) + yet • Haven’t/hasn’t + yet + past participle + (…) • The usual placement of yet is at the end of the clause.

12. Note 5 The second sentence Mark is surprised because Lynn’s birthday is three month’s away and she has already sent the invitations. • LYNN: I’m giving a party next month. • MAX: Have you mailed the invitations yet? • LYNN: Yes, I have. • LYNN: I’m giving a party for my birthday. I mailed the invitations this morning. • MAX: Have you already mailed them? Your birthday is three months away!

13. Note 6 Negative short answers Answer these questions Have you prepared the food yet? Has Luis arrived yet? Have they eaten yet? When answering questions with yet in the negative, “Not yet” by itself is very commonly used. • Three possible negative short answers are: • No, I haven’t. • No, not yet. • Not yet.

14. Communication Practice Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Jj ‘ve already met ‘ve already had Has……left already no……..hasn’t 5. have….seen……yet yes…..have haven’t seen…..yet 6. Have already planned • K • T • F • T • T • F

15. Communication Practice Exercise 3 • Jjjj • Jjj • He’s already found a location. • He’s already written a guest list. • He’s already bought invitations. • He hasn’t sent invitations yet. • He hasn’t asked friends to eat yet. • He hasn’t planned the menu yet. • He’s already picked out music. • He hasn’t shopped for food yet. • He hasn’t cleaned the house yet. • He’s already borrowed some chairs.