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England and France Develop

England and France Develop. Chaptee 14 Section 3. I England Absorbs Waves of Invaders A. Early Invaders. Danish Vikings invade & fought off by Alfred the Great He united kingdom under one rule and call it England (“Land of the Angles”) Angles one of tribes that invaded Britain

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England and France Develop

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  1. England and France Develop Chaptee 14 Section 3

  2. I England Absorbs Waves of InvadersA. Early Invaders • Danish Vikings invade & fought off by Alfred the Great • He united kingdom under one rule and call it England (“Land of the Angles”) • Angles one of tribes that invaded Britain • Danish King conquered England molding Anglo-Saxons & Vikings into one ppl • Anglo-Saxon king diedstruggle for throne

  3. B. Norman Conquest • Duke of Normandy AKA William the Conqueror invades Enlgand • Normans dexcendents of Vikings but were French in language & culture • Andlo-Saxon named Godwinson claims throne • Normans & Saxons fought for control in the Battle of Hastings • Normans winWilliam declared England his property • grants fiefs to Norman lordspaves the way for centralized gov’t

  4. II England’s Involving GovernmentA. Monarchs, Nobles, & the Common Law • Eleanor of Aquitaine narries King of Francemarriage annulled • Marry’s Henry II of Englandgains piece of France called Aquintaine’ • Henry strengthened Royal cts. By sending royal judges to every pt. of England once a yr. • Henry introduces use of juries in courts • Over centuries, their case rulings formed unified body of law that become known as common law • English common law is basis for US law

  5. B. The Magna Carta • Richard inherits thronediesyounger brother John rules • Failed mil. Leader John Softsword confrontation w/ his nobles • Nobles revolted & forced John to sign the Magna Carta • Magna Carta (Great Charter)= guaranteed certain basic political rights and limited the kings power (no ta w/o rep, jury trial, protection under law) • Magna Carta basis for basic legal rights adopted by US

  6. C. The Model Parliament • Another step towards democracy was the creation of Parliament • Parliament= legislative group that was made up of 2 burgesses and 2 knights from each county • Called “model Parliament” because it served as model to later kings • Knights and burgesses eventually create assembly of their own called the House of Commons

  7. III Capetian Dynasty Rules FranceA. France Becomes a Separate Kingdom • Hugh Capet becomes ruler of small territory in France • His territory is positioned around important trade routesallowed him to spread his control and would eventually unify France

  8. B. Philip II Extends his Power • Philip II= most powerful Capetian • Seized Normandy from weak English King John (softsword) • Tripled his land • Established royal officials called bailiffs • Send to every district to preside over king’s cts.

  9. C. Philip II’s Heirs • Central Gov’t made even stronger under Louis IX • Created French appeals cts. That overturned decision of local cts. • Philip IV included commoners in his meetings with lords and bishops • In France, Church leaders known as First Estate and Lords as the Third Estate • Meeting as a whole was called the Estates-General

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