Deer Life

1. Deer Life By: Denis Hoppe

2. CWD • Chronic Wasting Disease • A fatal nervous system disease • Known to infect white-tail deer, mule deer, elk, and moose. • Without appropriate management where CWD has been detected, the disease will spread to other areas of the state. • Projections based on current WI CWD data suggest that CWD will ultimately reduce. • The number of deer available each year for hunter-harvest will decrease. • Some say the transmissions of CWD from a animal to a human is possible.

3. What Is A Prion? • •Prion Diseases are a group of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders. It can affect both humans and animals. • •Some effects of people who have one of these diseases could be: behavioral, communications, movement problems, swallowing problems, visual problems and seizures. • •Examples of Human Prion diseases: • -Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)-Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) • -Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Syndrome • -Fatal Familial Insomnia • -Kuru • •Examples of Animal Prion Diseases: • -Scrapie • -Transmissible mink encephalopathy • -Feline spongiform encephalopathy • -Ungulate spongiform encephalopathy

4. Game Feast Illness ∙ Neurologic disorders resulting in the deaths of three men. ∙ The three men participated in “wild game feasts” ∙ One of the decedents created concern about the possible relationship of their illnesses with CWD. ∙ Two of the patients reportedly died of CJD. ∙ CJD stands for Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease ∙ The third died from Pick’s disease. ∙Pick's disease is a rare and permanent form of dementia that is similar to Alzheimer's disease

5. Game Feast Illness ∙ The three patients were the only participants reported to have died of a degenerative neurologic disorder. ∙ Reanalysis of autopsy brain tissues from the three patients indicated that two of them had no evidence of a Prion disease by immunohistochemical analysis. ∙ CJD was confirmed in the third patient. ∙ This patient participated in the feasts only once, perhaps in the mid-1980s. ∙ The investigation found no evidence that the deer and elk meat served during the feasts originated from the known CWD-endemic areas of Colorado and Wyoming.

6. Wolf Eradication • 1925- Viable wolf populations eliminated from the West . • Theodore Roosevelt called wolves "the beast[s] of waste and Destruction‘’. • 1926– Park service kills last two wolves in Yellowstone . • Wolves were removed from the Yellowstone area because people believed the wolves were killing a lot of the deer. • 1966- Several biologists recommend wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone. • March 21, 1994- park service took down pens and released wolves . • When all of the wolves were gone the deer population got out of hand, so Congress decided to reintroduce the wolves back into Yellowstone. • Wolves were listed as endangered on the ESA in 1974, one of the first animals to be listed.

7. The plan worked, probably better than anybody expected or even hoped for. The country's white tailed deer population exploded, from roughly 5 million in 1960 to 30 million in 2000. Right now wolfs are on the endangered species list but there is no definite amount. The Yellowstone wolf reintroduction program is the most helpful and common program.

8. Hunting is important and necessary for the health of our planet. For example, an overpopulation of deer causes significant damage on various levels. • Deer damage all kinds of vegetation including vegetables, fruit trees, and farm crops. • Hunting plays a vital role in balancing the ecosystem and helps control overpopulation of certain species such as deer. • Hunting helps to maintain the deer population that way it doesn’t get over populated, and with over population comes starvation and diseases.

9. November is when deer are in rut. Rut is when the deer are mating and try to get pregnant. • Therefore, hunting is in November because all the does are out trying to get pregnant while the bucks are trying to do there business. • In February all the does from November that did get pregnant are around. • So, there's a mass deer kill in Madison in February to see how many of the does actually did get pregnant and to prevent to many deer being born.

10. Sources: http://bioweb.wku.edu/adp/index_files/Page539.htm http://www.huntingnet.com/staticpages/staticpage_detail.aspx?id=135 http://www.cwd-info.org/ http://dnr.wi.gov/org/land/wildlife/whealth/issues/cwd/ http://cf.nwf.org/wildlife/pdfs/wolvesdeerwisconsin.pdf http://dnr.wi.gov/org/land/er/publications/wolfplan/appendix/appendix_e.htm http://bioweb.wku.edu/adp/index_files/page359.htm http://www.wolfweb.com/history2.html http://library.fws.gov/pubs3/wolves00.pdf http://www.nps.gov/yell/naturescience/wolves.htm http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/6/03-1082_article.htm http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/prions/ http://www.prion.ucl.ac.uk/clinic-services/information/signs-and-symptoms/ Pictures from: Google Photobucket By: Denis Hoppe

11. GOT -R- DONE