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America Moves to the City

America Moves to the City. Immigrants and Other Decide to Urbanize. Chapter 25 Review. Consequences of Urban Development. Mass transit in cities different social groups no longer lived close together Inadequate water and sewer systems By the end of the 19c cities

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America Moves to the City

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  1. America Moves to the City Immigrants and Other Decide to Urbanize Chapter 25 Review

  2. Consequences of Urban Development • Mass transit in cities • different social groups no longer lived close together • Inadequate water and sewer systems • By the end of the 19c cities • cities built better sewers and supplied purified water • Death rate declined

  3. Consequences of Urban Development cont. • Outbreaks of deadly diseases • Crowded tenements • Increasing segregation of social groups by income • Poor treatment of water, sewage, and waste

  4. Tenedments

  5. Writing About the City • How the Other Half Lives • Jacob Riis portrayal of American Urban Slums • The Shame of the Cities • Lincoln Steffens muckraking novel concerning the poor living conditions in the cities

  6. Immigrant Origins • Most of the immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe • Russian Jews escaping religious persecution • Italian peasants • Greeks, Slovaks, and Poles • Unemployed Europeans seeking factory jobs in U.S. cities

  7. Ellis Island

  8. Immigration Characteristics • most immigrants were unskilled day laborers. • immigrants tended to be Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, or Jewish. • Chinese immigrants were excluded by law during most of these years

  9. Nativist sentiment against the New immigrants • practiced different religions • had different languages and cultures • were willing to work for lower wages than were native born workers • were not familiar with the United States political system

  10. Immigration Advocates • Tammany Hall • Political machine in New York, headed by Boss Tweed • Help immigrants adjust to city life • In return for votes and support • poor urban immigrants biggest supporters

  11. Immigration Advocates • Settlement Houses (Jane Addams Hull House) • Located in poor working-class and immigrant neighborhoods • Staffed by college-educated, middle-class men and women • Taught English to immigrants • Helped to educate immigrant children

  12. Jane Addams

  13. Immigration Issues • The American educational system could not absorb the numbers of immigrant children • Chinese Exclusion Law 1882 • Denied citizenship to Chinese in the U.S. and forbid further immigration of Chinese • American Protective Association • A Nativist group of the 1890s which opposed all immigration to the U.S

  14. Education • Students were to go to school 12 to 16 weeks a year (ages 8-14) • Reading, writing and math • Focused on memorizing, strict punishment • Kindergartens began to serve as a “daycare”

  15. 1880 62% of white children attended elementary school 1880 34% of African American children attended elementary school Excluded from public education 1890 - 1% of black teenagers attend high school White v. Black Education

  16. Education for Immigrants • Encouraged to get an education • “Americanized” in public schools • Native languages repressed • Adult school to learn English

  17. Born a slave Worked towards educating blacks Open Tuskegee Institute for black students Taught self trades so students could gain self-respect and economic security Avoided issue of social equality Booker T. Washington

  18. Believed Washington was condemning the black race Harvard- 1st of mixed race to do so Co founded NAACP-National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1910 W.E.B. Du Bois

  19. DuBois • Demanded complete equality for blacks • Went to Africa in self-exile

  20. Talking Heads • Create a “talking head” of W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington displaying their different viewpoints in how African American’s in the south should be educated

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