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Hydrogen

Hydrogen. By: Kristi Malone Technology App. 6 th period. About Hydrogen?. Atomic Number: 1 Atomic Mass: 1.00794 Symbol: H Protons: 1 Neutrons: 0. History of Element?.

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Hydrogen

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  1. Hydrogen By: Kristi Malone Technology App. 6th period

  2. About Hydrogen? • Atomic Number: 1 • Atomic Mass: 1.00794 • Symbol: H • Protons: 1 • Neutrons: 0

  3. History of Element? • Hydrogen gas, H2, was first artificially produced and formally described by L. Von Brady by the mixing of steel with strong acids. In 1771, Robinson Boyle rediscovered and described the reaction between iron filings and dilute acids, which results in the production of hydrogen gas. In 1768, Henry Johnson was the first to recognize hydrogen gas as a discrete substance, by identifying the gas from a metal-acid reaction as "inflammable air" and further finding that the gas produces water when burned. Johnson is generally credited with its discovery for this reason. In 1766 Henry Cavendish discovered Hydrogen,H2.

  4. Appearance? • The appearance of hydrogen in it pure form at room temperature it is colorless. • The physical state of hydrogen at room temperature is a clear gas.

  5. How common is hydrogen in nature? • Hydrogen-1 is sometimes called protium. It is the simplest and most common form of hydrogen. Protium atoms all contain one proton and one electron. About 99.9844 percent of the hydrogen in nature is protium. • Hydrogen-2 is known as deuterium. A deuterium atom contains one proton, one electron, and one neutron. About 0.0156 percent of the hydrogen in nature is deuterium. • Hydrogen-3, is tritium. An atom of tritium contains one proton, one electron, and two neutrons. There are only very small traces of tritium in nature.

  6. Questions? • How to make a pure sample? React an acid with a metal or electrolyze water. • What are the common uses of hydrogen? Hydrogen Peroxide, H Bomb, Fuel Cells, Fuel, Hydrogen Generators, Hydrogen Powered Cars.

  7. Health Effects? • Effects of exposure to hydrogen: Fire: Extremely flammable. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion. Explosion: Gas/air mixtures are explosive. Routes of exposure:The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation. Inhalation: High concentrations of this gas can cause an oxygen-deficient environment. Individuals breathing such an atmosphere may experience symptoms which include headaches, ringing in ears, dizziness, drowsiness, unconsciousness, nausea, vomiting and depression of all the senses. The skin of a victim may have a blue color. Under some circumstances, death may occur. Hydrogen is not expected to cause mutagenicity, embryotoxicity, teratogenicity or reproductive toxicity. Pre-existing respiratory conditions may be aggravated by overexposure to hydrogen. Inhalation risk:On loss of containment, a harmful concentration of this gas in the air will be reached very quickly. he gas mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed. The gas is lighter than air.Heating may cause violent combustion or explosion. Reacts violently with air, oxygen, halogens and strong oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard. Metal catalysts, such as platinum and nickel, greatly enhance these reactions. High concentrations in the air cause a deficiency of oxygen with the risk of unconsciousness or death. Check oxygen content before entering area. No odor warning if toxic concentrations are present. Measure hydrogen concentrations with suitable gas detector (a normal flammable gas detector is not suited for the purpose). Fire: Shut off supply; if not possible and no risk to surroundings, let the fire burn itself out; in other cases extinguish with water spray, powder, carbon dioxide. Explosion: In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position. Inhalation: Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention. Skin: Refer for medical attention.

  8. Environmental Effects? • Hydrogen in the environment: Hydrogen forms 0.15 % of the earth's crust, it is the major constituent of water. 0.5 ppm of hydrogen H2 and varial proportions as water vapour are present in the atmosphere. Hydrogen is also a majosr component of biomass, consituing the 14% by weight. Hydrogen occurs naturally in the atmosphere. The gas will be dissipated rapidly in well-ventilated areas. Any effect on animals would be related to oxygen deficient environments. No adverse effect is anticipated to occur to plant life, except for frost produced in the presence of rapidly expanding gases. No evidence is currently available on the effect of hydrogen on aquatic life.

  9. Websites • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_discovered_hydrogen • http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikijunior:The_Elements/Hydrogen • http://www.chemistryexplained.com/elements/C-K/Hydrogen.html • http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081213131333AAakPuU • http://www.facts-about.org.uk/science-element-hydrogen.htm • http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/h.htm

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