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III. 100 Years War

III. 100 Years War. Causes: 13 th century England holds one small possession in France (Gascony) English King (Edward III) was also Duke of Gascony and had pledged allegiance to French King (Phillip VI). King Phillip seizes Gascony; King Edward declares war. Duchy of English King.

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III. 100 Years War

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  1. III. 100 Years War • Causes: • 13th century England holds one small possession in France (Gascony) • English King (Edward III) was also Duke of Gascony and had pledged allegiance to French King (Phillip VI). • King Phillip seizes Gascony; King Edward declares war.

  2. Duchy of English King

  3. III. 100 Years War • Turning point in nature of warfare • Foot soldiers (peasants) won the chief battles, not knights • Technologies • Pikes (heavy spears) • Longbows (greater striking power; longer range; rapid speed of fire) • Cannon (possible w/ gunpowder)

  4. III. 100 Years War • Main Battles • Crecy • 1st major battle • England wins • Agincourt • 1,500 French nobles die on battlefield • England wins • Orleans • Joan of Arc inspired a French victory

  5. Major Battles

  6. III. 100 Years War • Joan of Arc • Born to a peasant family • Had visions that told her to free France • French King allowed her to travel w/ the French army to Orleans • Inspired by her faith France won the battle • Captured in 1430 and charged w/ witchcraft • Condemned as a heretic and burned at stake

  7. Joan of Arc

  8. III. 100 Years War • Results • French victory in 1453 • Political recovery leads to “new monarchies” • France becomes a strong state under Louis XI • 1st Tudor King, Henry VII creates strong royal government in England • Marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand is major step towards the unification of Spain.

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