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Measurement Systems and Conversions in Science Lessons

Explore SI and English measurement systems, conversion techniques, and experiments on length, area, volume, and mass. Enhance accuracy and reproducibility of data.

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Measurement Systems and Conversions in Science Lessons

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  1. Science Lesson Week 3 Evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of data II. Objectives: Students will be able to measure, convert their measured values to another unit using two systems of measurements.

  2. III. Materials: Notebook Textbook Measurement –Conversion Table Conversion Worksheets Experiments: Length Area Volume Mass Boxes, Cubes, Tables, Triple beam balances, meter stick

  3. Notes 2: Measurements CA standard : 9b

  4. IV. Input • Cornell Notes # 2 Measurement

  5. Measurement– is the process of comparing something with a standard ( measuring instrument) Size – refers to physical proportion, dimensions, magnitude or extent 2 Systems of Measurements : a. SI –International System of Units or Systeme International also known as the Metric System b. English System

  6. SI ( Metric System) Base Unit of a. length- meter b. mass- kilogram c. time - second d. temperature- Kelvin Celsius English System Base Unit of a. length – feet b. mass- pounds c. time – seconds d. temperature-Fahrenheit 2 Systems of Measurements

  7. Measuring Tools

  8. Measuring Tools

  9. Conversion from SI to English Systemand English System to SI LENGTH • 1 inch ( in) = 2.54 centimeter • 1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet • 1 meter (m) = 39.36 in • 1 mile (mi) = 1.6 km • 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 lbs

  10. Prefixes X1000 Kilo k X100 Hecto h X 10 Deka da Basic Units Meter m Gram g Liter L 1/10 Deci d 1/100 Centi c 1/1000 Milli m

  11. kilometer – km meter - m centimeter- cm millimeter - mm Common Conversions 1 km = 1000m 1 m = 100 cm 1 cm = 10 mm 1 m = 1000mm Common Conversions (SI )for Length

  12. Mass Units SI Kilograms- kg Grams – g Centigram -cg Milligrams- mg Tons English Pounds – lbs 1kg = 1000g 1g= 1000mg 1ton = 1,000 kg 1kg = 2.2 lbs (pounds) Weight Units Newtons – N Weight = Mass,kg X10 m/s2 Mass and Weight Units

  13. SI 1 cc = 1mL = 1cm3 1L = 1000mL English 1L = 0.264 gallons Conversion Factors for Volume

  14. Common SI Prefixes p 826

  15. Draw a Meter Stick Metric SI System Side English System Side

  16. kilometer – km meter - m centimeter- cm millimeter - mm Common Conversions 1 km = 1000m 1 m = 100 cm 1 cm = 10 mm 1 m = 1000mm Common Conversions (SI )for Length

  17. # Experiment 1: Measurement Meter Stick • What units are on the two sides of a meter stick? What system does it belong? a. b. 2. How long is a meter stick in meters (m) ? 3. How many feet are there in 1 meter (m) ?

  18. 4.How many centimeter is a decimeter? 1 dm =________cm 5. How many centimeter is a meter? 1 m = _______cm 6. What is the smallest division in a meter stick ? ___________ 7. How many millimeters are there in a centimeter? 1cm = _____mm 8. How many millimeters are there in a meter? 1 m = _______mm

  19. 9. 1 meter (m) = ________ft 10. Measure the width of the table in centimeter (cm). width (w) = ______ centimeters (cm) width (w) = ______meters (m) width (w) = ______inches (in) width (w) = _______feet (ft) 11. Measure the length of the table length = _______centimeters (cm) length = _______meters (m) length = _________ inches (in) length = _______feet (ft)

  20. 12. Measure the side of each cube in side = _______cm side = _______ m side = _______inch side = _______ft 13. CALCULATIONS a. b. c. d. e. f.

  21. Homework on Conversion of Units • 500 cm  m • 3.5 km  m • 2,200 mm  m • 45 m  cm  mm • What do you do the decimal point of a number if you are converting from smaller unit to a bigger unit ? Decimal point is moved to_________.

  22. Prefixes X1000 Kilo k X100 Hecto h X 10 Deka da Basic Units Meter m Gram g Liter L 1/10 Deci d 1/100 Centi c 1/1000 Milli m

  23. EXAMPLES: Conversion of Units • 104 km  m • 8 mm cm • 2500 m  km • 50 cm m • 3m  ft • 12in cm

  24. HWConversion of Units • 33.33 m =_____ cm • 66.7 m =_____mm • 48.52 km =____m • 5.51 m= _____ ft • 2.6 ft= ____ m • 3.8 cm = _____in • 3.1 km =_____mi

  25. Conversion of Units • 1. 25 mcm • 2. 150 m  km • 3. 200 cm  mm • 4. 550 mm m • 5. 50 ft m • 6. 250 in cm • 7. 46 mi  km

  26. Metric Mania

  27. VI. Closure Experiment on Length and Mass

  28. Friday: Experiment on Length Monday : Check Metric Mania Significant Figures , Experiment 2 Tuesday: Experiment : Mass Measurement Wednesday : Part 1 Quiz on Measurement Thursday : Part 2 Measurement use scantron

  29. MASS and WEIGHTCornell Notes • Mass – is the amount of matter. The number of particles in an object or liquid. It is measured in grams (g) • Weight- heaviness due to the pull of gravity. This a downward force caused by gravity. It is measured in Newtons(N) Triple Beam Balance ( Drawing )- instrument used to measure mass in grams (g)

  30. Mass Units SI Kilograms- kg Grams – g Centigram -cg Milligrams- mg Tons English Pounds – lbs 1kg = 1000g 1g= 1000mg 1ton = 1,000 kg 1kg = 2.2 lbs (pounds) Weight Units Newtons – N Weight = Mass,kg X 10 m/s2 Mass and Weight Units

  31. Mass in kg 16 gkg 303 gkg 40 kg 500 mgkg 10 gkg Weight in Newtons = mass (m) X acceleration due to gravity (g=10m/s2) W= mg 16 g kg = .016kg Weight = .016 kg X 10 m/s2 = .16Newtons or W= 0.16 N Mass and Weight

  32. Acceleration – Gravitational Acceleration (g) The change in speed and direction or velocity. The change in the object’s speed due to gravity (g) g = 9.8 m/s/s =10 m/s2 g = 32 ft/s2 Gravitational Acceleration (g)

  33. Weight Is a downward FORCE Is affected by gravity Weight = Mass, kg X gravitational acceleration (g) Weight = Mass X g ( 9.8=10m/s2) WEIGHT

  34. Experiment 2: Mass and Weight Purpose : To measure the mass of each cube using a triple beam balance and calculate each weight. 2pts Safety ________ Time ______ Cleanliness______ Report ____ Cooperation _______ Materials :3 pts 9 cubes triple beam balance experiment paper Gloves pencil

  35. Procedures: 5 pts • Calibrate the triple beam balance for accurate reading. • Measure the mass of each cube in grams . • Record in Data Table 1 • Convert each mass in grams to kilograms . • Record again in Data Table 1 • Calculate the weight using Weight = mass in Kg X 10 m/s2 • Record in Data Table 1

  36. Data Table 1 10 pts

  37. Calculationsskip 3 lines 1. 2. 3. Up to 9.

  38. Graph 10 ptsWeight VS Mass,kg • Slope = rise / run 10 pts • Slope Equation y=mx + b 10 pts • TOTAL = 30 pts

  39. Graph Weight of each Cube 5pts

  40. Analysis and Conclusion • Differentiate mass and weight in terms of definition and units. • How do you measure mass? • What are the parts of the triple beam balance and its uses? How do you use the triple beam balance? • How do you calculate weight. • Does the mass of an object remain constant in different location on earth and space ? Why ? • Does the weight of an object remain constant in different location on earth and space ? Why ?

  41. Experiment 3: Mass and Weight of WATER Purpose : To measure the mass of WATER using a triple beam balance and calculate its weight. 2pts Safety ________ Time ______ Cleanliness______ Report ____ Cooperation _______ Materials :3 pts Distilled Water Tap Water triple beam balance test tubes experiment paper graduated cylinder Gloves pencil Test tube rack

  42. Procedures: 5 pts • Calibrate the triple beam balance for accurate reading. • Measure the mass of the empty cylinder. • Pour the sample water into the graduated cylinder ,then measure the mass of the cylinder with water. • Measure the mass in grams of different samples of water, 10 mL each by subtracting the mass of the empty cylinder from the mass of the cylinder with water. • Record in Data Table 1 • Convert each mass in grams to kilograms . • Record again in Data Table 1 • Calculate the weight using Weight = mass in Kg X 10 m/s2 • Record in Data Table 1

  43. Data Table 1 10 pts

  44. Calculations Mass of water samples ,gkg and calculate weight = mass X gravity • Distilled Water skip 5 lines 2. Tap Water

  45. Calculationsskip 3 lines 1. 2. 3.

  46. Analysis and Conclusion • How did you measure the mass of water? Explain 2. Which water sample has a greater mass ? Why? 3. How did you convert mass in grams to kilograms? 4. How did you calculate weight of water ? what is the unit of weight in SI?

  47. Significant Figures • The number of significant figures in a number is the number of digits whose values are known with certainty. Rules in determining the Significant Values: • All non zero digits are significant. 12.34 - 4 significant figures • All zeros to the right side of a non zero digit but to the left of an understood decimal point are not significant. 102,000 – 3 significant figures 102,000 – 5 significant figures 3. Zeros between two non zero digits are significant. 120.003 - 6 significant figures

  48. 4. All zeros to the right of a decimal point but to the left of a non zero digit are not significant. .000123 – 3 significant figures 5. All zeros to the right of a decimal point and to the right of a non zero digit are significant. 0.01020- 4 significant figures 10.00 - 4 significant figures

  49. CW Significant Figures How many significant figures are there in the following numbers: • )104,000 6.) 22.00 • )343.5 7.) 0.007870 • )0.00056 8.) 6.50 • )34.003 9.) 809.00 • )5.630 10.) .00807

  50. Notes 4: Area and Volume • Area – is the space occupied by a flat object or 2 dimensional object Area Formulas of Regular shapes: • Square A= s x s • Rectangle A = l x w • Circle A = TT r 2 or A = TT d2 / 4 4. Triangle A = ½ bh

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