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An Introduction to Medical Informatics

An Introduction to Medical Informatics. Y. SINGH NELSON R. MANDELA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF TELEHEALTH SINGHY@UKZN.AC.ZA. Content licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported. Learning Objectives. Define medical informatics

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An Introduction to Medical Informatics

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  1. An Introduction to Medical Informatics Y. SINGH NELSON R. MANDELA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF TELEHEALTH SINGHY@UKZN.AC.ZA Content licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported

  2. Learning Objectives • Define medical informatics • Get a sense of what medical informatics encompasses • Why is medical informatics important • Some examples of applications

  3. An Evolving Field • 1950s Intuitively: “medical applications of computer science” • Medical computer science • Medical information science • Biomedical computing • Medical informatics • Health or healthcare informatics • Clinical informatics

  4. History • 1949 Gustav Wager • 1950 United States National Bureau of Standards • mid 50’s MYCIN • 1965 Medline • 1968 Homer Warner founded the department of medical informatics • 1970 IMIA, MUMPS language and OS

  5. Define Medical Informatics • No clear cut definition • Different schools of thought Video One

  6. Define Medical Informatics • Dr David Zitner • Four aspects of medical informatics: • Clinical care • Health service administration • Research • Patient and provider education Video Two

  7. Define Medical Informatics • Systematic study • Deals with all forms of “data” • Biological data • Medical data • Associated data • Problem solving • Decision making

  8. Define Medical Informatics Medical informatics is a scientific/systematic field of study that deals with the acquiring, storage, retrieval, and processing of medical, biological and associateddata, information and knowledge for the purpose of problem solving and decision making

  9. Data, Information, Knowledge • Data are the raw facts obtained • Information is outcome of analyzing data • Knowledge is obtained from analyzing information

  10. Computerized Medical Records Computer-Aided Instruction Medical Software Security Veterinary Informatics Telemedicine Medical Informatics Nursing Informatics Policy Making Physician Order Entry Systems Medical Expert Systems Medical Software Engineering Health Information Networks Clinical Information Systems

  11. Why Medical Informatics • Why is proper management of medical data important ? • Patient health record • Administrative purposes • Research and knowledge discovery • Legal issues • And the list goes

  12. Why Medical Informatics • What is lacking in the current approach ? • Organizational • Logistical • Research • Passive nature of paper

  13. Medical Informatics Solutions • Databases • Information Retrieval • Internet • Computer programs

  14. Why Medical Informatics • What is lacking in the current paper based approach ? • Medication errors: • Patient has allergic reactions • Wrong medication given to • patient • Wrong dosage given to patient http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?recordid=11623

  15. Medical Informatics Solutions • Medication errors may be prevented by a simple scanning device Video Three

  16. Why Medical Informatics • What is lacking in the current paper based approach ? • Cost: • Paper and storage • Environmental Cost • Time: • Find record, perform tests

  17. Medical Informatics Solution • 3D- Imaging • Other examples of medical informatics applications Video four

  18. Medical Informatics Solutions • Message from the American academy of family physicians Video Five

  19. Ultimate goal is to improve the quality of health care, research and education in medicine and health

  20. Public Health • Aggregated clinical data can be analyzed to identify emerging diseases within a region, country, or around the world. • Public health alerts (e.g., new flu strain) can be incorporated into clinical information systems used by primary care clinicians.

  21. Personalized Medicine • Genomic medicine • Manage greater quantities of data and more complex data over time

  22. Does it Always Work No

  23. Steps to Success • According to Haux: • Patient centered recording and use of data • Process integrated decision support • Comprehensive use of patient data for clinical and reporting • Change Management • Workflow analysis • Simple technology (Health care in the information society. A prognosis for the year 2013 -- Haux R, et al. Int J Med Inf 2002 Nov;66(1-3):3-21)

  24. Thank You

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