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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. Introduction to the Internet Ruth Watson. Objectives (1 of 2). Differentiate between the Internet and the World Wide Web List at least three application protocols from the TCP/IP suite Explain the directory structure of a given URL Explain what IIS is

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Introduction to the Internet Ruth Watson Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  2. Objectives (1 of 2) • Differentiate between the Internet and the World Wide Web • List at least three application protocols from the TCP/IP suite • Explain the directory structure of a given URL • Explain what IIS is • Demonstrate how to install IIS • Explain what Internet Services Manager is for • Demonstrate how to create a simple web page Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  3. Objectives (2 of 2) • Explain the difference between a search engine and a subject guide • Describe how web content is indexed • Explain the role of a Meta tag • Demonstrate how double quotes can help narrow a search • Explain what Boolean operators are and list three • List at least two clues that can be used to determine the validity of a web site • Define portal Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  4. Introduction • The Internet and the World Wide Web are not the same • The World Wide Web is the multimedia portion of the Internet • In 2000 there were more than three million people worldwide using the Internet Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  5. Apache Web Server Browser CERN Circuit switching FTP Gopher HTML HTTP Internet Meta tag Mosaic Packet switching Portal Robot Search engine Site map Spider Telnet URL Web Server World Wide Web Yahoo Important Terms to Understand Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  6. The Internet • A network of networks • Began in 1969 • ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) • No central authority • Therefore, impossible to state the precise size • The Internet is not free just because you do not pay for it Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  7. The World Wide Web • A subset of the Internet consisting of all computers with hypertext or hypermedia documents • These documents contain references (links) to other documents which may be on a different computer anywhere in the world • Began in 1991 at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  8. Internet Protocols • TCP/IP: (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) • Suite of protocols to allow multiple platforms to communicate • HTTP: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) • Most common protocol used on the Internet for Web pages • FTP: (File Transfer Protocol) • Allows files to be transferred over the Internet Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  9. http://www.annex.com/southwest/museum.htm Document Path (Directory or Folder) Internet Address (Web site) Means of access, HyperText Transfer Protocol How do you get there from here?Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  10. Directory Structures on a Web Server • You can guess the URL using the general form: www.company.com • Examples: • www.microsoft.com • www.nba.com • www.dell.com • www.whitehouse.gov • www.miami.edu Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  11. What Makes a Web Server a Web Server? • Install Internet Information Services to make your server a Web server • Allows you to manage Internet services, such as: • FTP • SMTP Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  12. Become a Webmaster • Manage Internet Services • Develop Content for the Web • Set up Web databases Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  13. Using HTML • Hypertext markup Language • Write it, or • Use an Editor • Does not matter which is used, but you have to know it to fix it! Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  14. HTML Structure • <HTML> </HTML> • Must be at beginning and end of the Web page • Head: <Head> </Head> • Includes: Basic document info • Other HTML: • <Title></Title> • <Body BGCOLOR= “Beige”> • <H1></H1> • <P> Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  15. Finding Resources Effectively:Search Engines • A program that systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic • Uses a key word or words as a query • Several search engines are available • Each search engine has its own database • No search engine is best • Uses Boolean (logical) operators • Returns “hits” or documents once search has been submitted Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  16. Search Tips • Use the Search button on the Internet Explorer Toolbar • Try multiple search engines on one query • Be aware of logical operators • AND, • OR, and • NOT • Search on a concept: e.g., “first ladies” rather than “Eleanor Roosevelt” • Set Bookmarks/Favorites Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  17. Boolean Operators • Specify Boolean operators • And - Includes all findings of both key words • Or - Looks for only one of the specified key words • Not - Allows you to exclude certain key words • Use multiple search engines • Read online help about search criteria used for a particular search engine Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  18. Other Resources • Portals • Libraries • Online Magazines and Journals • Miscellaneous Resources Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  19. Summary • The Internet is a network of networks • URL is located in the Address Box • Hypertext and hypermedia contain links to other documents • Connect through ISP or LAN • Search Engines are the tools to find information • Learn to use keywords for searching • Use multiple search engines • Searches are based on Boolean operators • HTML Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

  20. Questions? Operating Systems Concepts 1/e Ruth Watson Chapter 12

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