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Explore the agrarian economy of the American South, with a focus on cash crops like cotton, tobacco, and rice. Learn about plantation owners, tenant farmers, and the impact of new technologies like the cotton gin and mechanical reaper. Discover the transportation challenges Southern farmers faced with limited access to waterways, roads, and railways.
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Characteristics of the South • Economy • Technologies • People & Lifestyle • Transportation/Communication
Economy • Agrarian Economy (Agriculture) • An economy that primarily relies on farming, both crops and livestock. • Cash Crops • Cotton • Tobacco • Rice • Sugar Cane • Cattle (OK/TX)
Economy • Types of Southern Farming ① Plantation Owners - Farmers that owned large estates and grew crops for the purpose of earning large profits. ② Tenant Farmers - Farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent with cash or crops. ③ Subsistence Farmers - Farmers that focus on producing enough food to feed themselves and their families.
Connected Economies • North NEEDS South • Cotton was used by textile mills tp produce finished goods. • South NEEDS North • Farming supplies in the south were purchased from northern factories.
New Technologies • Mechanical Reaper (Cyrus McCormick) • Steel Plow (John Deere) • Thresher • Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney)
Thresher Steel Plow
Transportation • Natural Waterways • Rivers, Lakes, Ocean Coasts • Rugged Roads • Lack of… • Canals • Good Roads • Railways Products had a limited sales area due to limited transportation options
