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The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System. Section 35.3. Control of the Body. Internal control of the body is directed by two systems: The Nervous System The Endocrine System. NERVOUS ENDOCRINE. Stimuli-response Rapid response Short time Stimuli-response Slow response Lasts long time Both=HOMEOSTASIS.

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The Endocrine System

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  1. The Endocrine System

  2. Section 35.3 Control of the Body • Internal control of the body is directed by two systems: • The Nervous System • The Endocrine System

  3. NERVOUS ENDOCRINE Stimuli-response Rapid response Short time Stimuli-response Slow response Lasts long time Both=HOMEOSTASIS Systems that chemically coordinate the body:

  4. Section 35.3 The Endocrine System • Made up of endocrine glands • Release chemicals (hormones) directly into the bloodstream - act as messengers in the body

  5. Section 35.3 Hormones • Chemicals secreted by endocrine glands • Conveys information to cells in the body • Bind to receptors of target cells

  6. Section 35.3 The Endocrine Glands • Located throughout the body • Most are controlled by the pituitary gland • Master endocrine gland

  7. Pituitary: The Master Gland that controls other endocrine glands Bean-size, at base of skull Secretes 9 hormones that Regulate Many body functions

  8. Section 35.3 Hypothalamus • Portion of the brain • Controls the pituitary gland • Connected by nerves and blood vessels • Sends messages to the pituitary gland • Pituitary glands then releases its chemicals

  9. Section 35.3 Negative Feedback Control • I.e. thermostat. • Temperature drops • Thermostat stimulates heater to increase output • Temperature rises, thermostat stops stimulating the heater, so it shuts off. • Cycle continues • Most endocrine glands operate under negative feedback systems

  10. Section 35.3 Control of blood water levels • Lets say you are working out in the gym. • Water level in your blood goes down. • Hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH). • ADH reduces amount of water in urine by causing the absorption of water in the kidneys. • If the body gets over-hydrated, hypothalamus stops stimulating the release of ADH

  11. Section 35.3 Control of blood glucose levels • When you eat, blood glucose levels rise. • Pancreasreleases insulin. • Insulin causes liver and muscle cells to take in glucose. • Lowers blood glucose levels. • When levels go down, pancreas releases glucagon. • Glucagon causes the release of glucose from the liver

  12. Section 35.3 I am STRESSED OUT!! • The Adrenal Gland is involved in preparing your body for stressful situations • Located on top of the kidneys

  13. Section 35.3 The Adrenal Gland • Releases steroids • Increases available glucose and raises blood pressure • Secretes adrenaline and norepinephrine • Increases heart rate, BP and rate of respiration

  14. Section 35.3 Thyroid and Parathyroid glands • Thyroid gland • Regulates metabolism, growth and development • Releases calcium • Parathyroid gland • causes kidney to absorb calcium and magnesium

  15. Section 35.3 Thymus • The thymus is a specialized organ of the immune system. • T cells attacks foreign substances

  16. Section 35.3 Testes • Testes are part of the reproductive system and part of the endocrine system • Produce the male sex hormone testosterone and sperm

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