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Chapter 18: The FR EN CH REVOLUTION and NAPOLEON

Chapter 18: The FR EN CH REVOLUTION and NAPOLEON. Section 2: Radical Revolution and Reaction. Objectives for Today Quiz on Section 1: The French Revolution Begins. Understand the two early political factions in revolutionary France; Girondins Jacobins. Girondins.

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Chapter 18: The FR EN CH REVOLUTION and NAPOLEON

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  1. Chapter 18: The FRENCH REVOLUTION and NAPOLEON

  2. Section 2:Radical Revolution and Reaction Objectives for Today • Quiz on Section 1: The French Revolution Begins. • Understand the two early political factions in revolutionary France; • Girondins • Jacobins

  3. Girondins • Deputies of the National and Legislative Assembly that were primarily from the Gironde region of France. Representing France outside of Paris. • Very influential in the early states of the revolution. • Led by Jacque Pierre Brissot. • Forced the declaration of war with Austria. • Opposed the monarchy, but did not agree with executing Louis XVI. • In favor of a more republican form of government.

  4. Jacobins • Initially a minority group, know also as the Mountain. • Represented the interests of radicals in Paris. • Led by Maximillien Robespierre, who drew his power from the Paris Commune. • Georges Danton and Jean-Paul Marat, also important figures. • Believed the king must be executed to preserve the republic. • Pressure the National Convention to take more radical measures.

  5. The fall of the Girondins and rise of the Jacobins. • Initially the Girondins dominated the assemblies and later the National Conventions, after forcing the king to appoint many of their deputies. • The Girondins distanced themselves from the violent massacres that took place during 1972 and 1793. • As the revolution became more radical and violent the Girondins found themselves the conservative voice. This lead to their decline in power. • The Jacobins come to view the Girondins as a hindrance to the revolution for their “conservative” policies.. • In early 1793 the Jacobins convinced the Convention to condemn Louixs XVI to death, effectively wresting control of the revolution from the Girondins.

  6. The Execution of King Louis XVI • On January 21, 1793 the king is beheaded. The revolution enters a new and even more radical phase. • Nine months after his execution Marie Antoinette was found guilty of treason and executed on September 21st, 1793

  7. The Aftermath • Following the death of Louis XVI, Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain and the Dutch Republic formed a coalition and took up arms against France. • The French armies fell back and the coalition prepared for full scale invasion. • The National Convention gave broad power to the Jacobin-dominated Committee of Public Safety. • To protect France the Committee adopted policies that became known as the Reign of Terror.

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