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Evaluation of Mandela’s Role in South Africa up to 2000

Evaluation of Mandela’s Role in South Africa up to 2000. Defiance Campaign and Freedom Charter. 1952 Deliberately but peacefully break apartheid laws Police responded violently Campaign failed Congress Alliance was formed – all groups fighting to end aparthied

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Evaluation of Mandela’s Role in South Africa up to 2000

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  1. Evaluation of Mandela’s Role in South Africa up to 2000

  2. Defiance Campaign and Freedom Charter • 1952 • Deliberately but peacefully break apartheid laws • Police responded violently • Campaign failed • Congress Alliance was formed – all groups fighting to end aparthied • Created the Freedom Charter in 1955 – list of demands – “We the people shall govern.”

  3. Umkhonto we Sizwe‘The Spear of the Nation’ (MK) • After the Sharpeville Massacre • Mandela pushed the ANC and MK towards military attacks • 1962 Mandela was arrested

  4. Rivonia Trial • 1963 members of MK were arrested for planning a large military style operation called Mayibuye. • Mandela brought from prison to be tried with them. • All given life imprisonment.

  5. Imprisonment on Robben Island • 12th June 1964 – sentenced to life in prison • 1982 – Mandela and ANC leaders transferred to Pollsmoor Prison • 11th February 1990 – Mandela freed after 27 years

  6. Free Mandela Campaign • 1980 – Oliver Tambo (in exile) launches Free Mandela campaign

  7. The end of apartheid • 1991 apartheid begins to be dismantled • 1991 Mandela elected President of the ANC • 1993 Mandela and De Klerk awarded the Nobel Peace Prize • 1994 elected President

  8. Presidential Years • 1995 – hosts and wins the Rugby World Cup • Mandela presents the trophy to the Afrikaner captain • Mandela sets up the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, its aim was “forgiving and forgetting” • Problems: Economic issues – unemployment; HIV a big problem – 3.6 million South Africans infected with HIV in the 1990s

  9. Mandela’s Contribution • Student • Lawyer • Freedom Fighter • Symbol • Reconciler

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