1 / 22

Port Sudan concrete silo, capacity 50,000 tons :

hans
Download Presentation

Port Sudan concrete silo, capacity 50,000 tons :

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A5 Countries Readiness for Methyl Bromide Phase-out by 1st January 2015: Addressing the Challenges of SustainabilityMethyl Bromide Phase- out in the Postharvest sectorChallenges relating to susbtability and the way forward UNEB OzonAction:Webinar 7 May2013Mohamed El Hassan ShazaliCommodity Storage and Pest Management E. mail : hassanshazali@yahoo.com

  2. - Agriculture is the main economic activity in Sudan . - In agriculture MB is mainly used in durable commodity disinfestations , for structural fumigation and QPS fumigations;-Durable commodities include food grains “cereals, oil seeds and legumes” staple food grains in Sudan are sorghum, millet and wheat; -Typical storage facilities vary in stanadards.

  3. Port Sudan concrete silo, capacity 50,000 tons :

  4. Squat concrete silo, 10 bins; each 10,000 tones-

  5. Metal silos : corrugated or plain steel sheets ; each 2000-6000 tons. Lack air-tightness

  6. Warehouses : multi-purpose , poor warehouse management

  7. Poor pest management: …… Food security at risk !

  8. -The status of phosphine fumigation in Sudan: Current situation:- Phosphine is the only fumigant identified, at the present ,as MB alternativeinpostharvest fumigation;.-It is economic, viable and available option as an alternative to MB; - It does not leave residues on the stored commodities;- Phosphine is now in routine commercial use in the post harvest;

  9. - The use of phosphine is vital to the grain industry in meeting its market requirements for insect-free grain. - Disinfestations of durable commodities will continue to depend heavily on fumigation with phosphine; - It seems unlikely that another fumigant which is both effective and easy to apply will become available to replace MB in the near future; - Alternative fumigants (other than Phosphine) are more expensive, and some are not as widely accepted by markets.

  10. - The situation is now of more phosphine as methyl bromide is being phased-out; - At the same time there are more substandard fumigations and no counter selection pressure as provided by MB;- Resistance has developed in insects in Sudan;  - Furthermore,Sudan is at risk of importing resistant insets;

  11. Improper fumigation

  12. Malpractices of phosphine fumigation

  13. Phosphine ash on the surface of sacks, safety …

  14. The CLF fumigation technique, efficient …even distribution etc...

  15. CLF is a means of obtaining rapid and uniform distribution in the grain bulk in silos….prevents development of resistance

  16. Challenges /Constraints:- 1- Project achievements need to be consolidated and extended;2- Improper phosphine fumigation procedures; malpractices i.e dosages, sealing , exposures etc… - will lead to development of resistance in insects ;3- Complete control cannot be achieved where there is resistant insects ;

  17. 4-There is a need to address challenges associated with technology transfer , safety of personnel and monitoring insect resistance ; 5- Investment in equipments and instruments ,for the proper use of phosphine, is rather expensive/prohibitive ;6- Some trading partners insist on MB as treatment measure before shipment ;7- Lack of knowledge on fumigation requirement by Pest control officers and stakeholders;

  18. 8- Controlling all possible route for illegal importation of MB;9- Choice of Fumigants is limited,10- If phosphine fumigation is to be ineffective, a grave situation will be created.

  19. The Way forward : Measures to ensure sustain ability1- There is a need to identify ,evaluate and demonstrate MB alternative, “C/A ,M/a, CO2 , low O2 etc…2- There is a need to tap on IPM. : Use of different control methods as possible. 3- There is an urgent need to rectify phosphine fumigation, as used in Sudan, to avoid catastrophic consequences i.e. resistance ,safety etc …4- Development of fumigation techniques that can prevent selection for resistance and at the same time overcome resistance “CLF” ;

  20. 5- Training is needed to raise awareness, build capacities and capabilities to achieve high standards of competence.;6- Develop and implement national management plans for phosphine resistance. We need to Manage the development of resistance;7- Fumigations must be carried out as a part of a technological package of integrated pest management (IPM), no in isolation as a cosmetic treatment; Hence, a holistic approach is needed;

  21. 8- To investigate efficient prophylactic technologies such as grain protectants which are contact insecticides mainly pyrethroids e.g. permethrin, deltamethrin etc..., 9- Technical assistance is needed to enhance adoption of “TEC” alternative technologies in different situations :To enhance sustainability of MB Alternative

  22. Thank you

More Related