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The Shift from HDDs to SSDs: Market Trends and Advantages

The hard disk drive (HDD) market is projected to decline from $37 billion in 2012 to $32 billion by 2014. In contrast, global solid-state drive (SSD) shipments are set to double, reaching 239 million units in 2016, capturing nearly 40% of the HDD market. SSDs have notable advantages including faster access times, lower power consumption, and no noise, making them ideal for home NAS systems. However, drawbacks include higher cost per GB, limited capacity, and performance degradation. Understanding these dynamics can help consumers make informed choices.

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The Shift from HDDs to SSDs: Market Trends and Advantages

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  1. The hard disk drive (HDD) market is set to shrink from $37 billion in 2012 to $33 billion in 2013 and $32 billion in 2014 . (http://www.nasdaq.com) • Global shipments of solid-state drives are expected to more than double this year… • Longer term, shipments are projected to reach 239 million units in 2016, comprising about 40% of the size of the market for hard-disk drives. http://thessdreview.com/

  2. same formfactor -size and shape to fit platter - not much to see actually

  3. Advantages • No spin-up time • Extremely low random access time (about 0.1ms) • Consistent read time throughout the SSD (while on a HDD if the data is written in a fragmented way, read ops will have varying response times) • Zero defragmentation • No noise (great for a home NAS) • Very light (SSDs size is 2,5" with SATA connectors) • Lower power consumption (Excellent for the environment ) • Unaffected by magnetic fields • Very robust

  4. Disadvantages • Cost per GB • Limited maximum capacity • Limited P/E cycles • Performance degradation • Write amplification (Garbage collection, trim) • Security issues (safe erase, cryptography)

  5. SSD components: Memory - Static RAM (SRAM battery powered) fastest (cache) - Dynamic RAM (DRAM battery powered) fast main ram - EEPROM (cancellazione totale) - Flash NOR (gates) NOR allows random-access for reading, Byte-Level access, slow replaces ROM, BIOS, Firmware - Flash NAND (gates) page/block access, cheap, fast SSD componetnts: Controller The controller is an embedded processor that executes firmware-level code and is one of the most important factors of SSD performance. Some of the functions performed by the controller include: Error correction (ECC) Wear leveling Bad block mapping Read scrubbing and read disturb management Read and write caching Garbage collection Encryption

  6. Disadvantages: wite amplification PHYSICAL BLOCKS CONTROLLER Applcation file Create, update, ... O.S. Filesystem

  7. Writing is possible only to empty cells, no overwriting • Writing is done at page level (4KB), erasing only at block level (128 pages = 512 KB)

  8. Disadvantages, W.A.: • Garbage collection • GC is the name for the process of relocating existing data to new locations and allowing the surrounding invalid data to be erased. • TRIM (O.S.) • The TRIM command is designed to enable the operating system to notify the SSD of which pages of data are • now invalid due to erases by the user or operating system itself. During a delete operation the OS will not only • mark the sectors as free for new data, but it will also send a TRIM command to the SSD with the associated • LBAs to be marked as no longer valid. After that point the SSD knows not to relocate the data from those LBAs • during garbage collection. • Wear Leveling limited P/E cycles • Moving the data around to make sure each cell is evenly worn.

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