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Chapter 16 Exercise. A Permanent Increase in the Money Supply 1.the short-run effect (1)A permanent increase in M s must ultimately lead to a proportional rise in E .The rise in M s causes E e to rise proportionally. (2)Because a rise in E e , the upward shift of AA 1 to
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Chapter 16 Exercise A Permanent Increase in the Money Supply 1.the short-run effect (1)A permanent increase in Ms must ultimately lead to a proportional rise in E .The rise in Ms causes Ee to rise proportionally. (2)Because a rise in Ee, the upward shift of AA1 to AA2 (permanent) is greater than caused by an equal, but transitory, increase. (point 3) (3)Point 2 is above XX CA(point2)>X The current account improves.
(4) E , Y , Y2 > Yf , CA 2.the adjustment to the long run (Figure 16-15) (1) Y2 > Yf working overtime W AC P (2)the output market P q CA D Y DD shifts left (DD1 DD2) (3)the money market P Ms/P ED R
(4)the foreign exchange market R buying domestic currency E AA shifts left (AA2 AA3) (5)the current account P q CA . To maintain CA=X , XX shifts upward gradually. CA=CA(EP*/P,Y-T) From point 1 to point 2, that E and Y rise makes the different effects for CA.
That E rises makes the improvement of CA through the Marshall-Lerner condition. That Y rises makes import increase. Exchange rate need depreciates higher to maintain at X level. From point 2 to point 3, the short-run equilibrium is above XX, the current account improves during the adjusting process. (6) E , Y returns to Yf E¹ E² E³ overshooting
(7)money neutrality (貨幣中立性) E and P rise in proportion to the increase in the money supply. (Y returns to Yf )
Figure 16-15 Long-Run Adjustment to a Permanent Increase in the Money Supply Chapter 16 XX² XX¹