1 / 21

Psychology 304: Brain and Behaviour Lecture 23

Psychology 304: Brain and Behaviour Lecture 23. Announcement. The grades for the first midterm exam are now available on the course website. The mean score on the midterm exam was 67% (SD = 17%, range = 23% – 97%).

hafwen
Download Presentation

Psychology 304: Brain and Behaviour Lecture 23

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Psychology 304: Brain and BehaviourLecture 23

  2. Announcement The grades for the first midterm exam are now available on the course website. The mean score on the midterm exam was 67% (SD = 17%, range = 23% – 97%). The TA, Patrick, will be available during his office hours or by appointment for interested students to review their exams: Mondays, 10:00-11:00, Kenny 3506, ppiantad@psych.ubc.ca. 2

  3. Neurodevelopmental Disorders 1. What neurodevelopmental disorders have been identified? (continued)

  4. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to: 1. describe the causes and symptoms of disorders associated with neurodevelopmental abnormalities.

  5. What neurodevelopmental disorders have been identified? (continued) 4. Fetal alcohol syndrome • Occurs when the fetus is exposed to alcohol, resulting in nervous system damage. Caused by neurotoxin exposure and nutrient deficiencies.

  6. Associated with abnormal brain development: smaller frontal lobes, poor production of cell- adhesion molecules, reduced gray matter, neural plasticity and head size, absence of corpus callosum. • Accompanied by mental retardation, altered facial features, stunted growth, and cognitive/behavioural deficits.

  7. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Brain Damage

  8. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Physical Characteristics

  9. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Physical Characteristics

  10. See YouTube video clip on fetal alcohol syndrome: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9ap3Iimimk (15 minutes).

  11. 5. Autism • Occurs as a result of a neurodevelopmental error between 20 and 24 days after conception. Precise error is unknown. • Caused by abnormalities in the gene Hoxa 1 in some, but not all, cases and/or exposure to neurotoxins.

  12. Associated with abnormal brain development: shortened brain stem, underdeveloped and missing nuclei within the brain stem, abnormal frontal lobes, reduced mirror neuron activity, smaller corpus callosum and amygdala.

  13. Accompanied by three core symptoms: 1. reduced capacity for social interaction. 2. reduced capacity for communication. 3. preoccupation with a single subject or activity.Typically, perseveration is observed. In some cases, mental retardation and/or savant abilities are observed.

  14. Autism: Mirror Neuron Activity

  15. 6. Williams syndrome • Occurs when a region of genes on chromosome 7 fails to replicate and, therefore, is missing. Caused by errors in cell division. • Among the genes that are missing on chromosome 7 is a gene that controls the production of elastin, a protein that contributes to elasticity in internal organs and tissues. • Associated with abnormal brain development: characteristic patterns of atypical cortical volume.

  16. William Syndrome: Cortical Volume

  17. Accompanied by mental retardation, impaired spatial cognition, hypersociability, abnormalities in internal organs, and altered facial and body features. • Although individuals with Williams syndrome display language deficits, their language skills are remarkable given their relatively low IQ. Often, great musical abilities are observed.

  18. William Syndrome: Physical Characteristics

  19. William Syndrome: Physical Characteristics

  20. See YouTube video clip on William’s syndrome: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pyNe2TBQi8 (5 minutes).

  21. Neurodevelopmental Disorders 1. What neurodevelopmental disorders have been identified? (continued)

More Related