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WHITETAIL DEER. DESCRIPTION. 3-3 1/2 feet tall weight: 150 lbs (largest buck was 425lbs). color shading changes twice a year spring - new coat is bright reddish brown fall/winter - hair is blueish to grayish-brown. albinism - genetic change that prevents pigments from forming in body
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PowerPoint Slideshow about 'WHITETAIL DEER' - hadassah-haynes
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DESCRIPTION
- 3-3 1/2 feet tall
- weight: 150 lbs (largest buck was 425lbs)
color shading changes twice a year
- spring - new coat is bright reddish brown
- fall/winter - hair is blueish to grayish-brown
albinism - genetic change that prevents pigments from forming in body
- hair is white, eyes pink, hooves gray
Albinism (cont.)
- more common is partial albinos
- usually have hearing deficiency
- normal deer avoid them
walk on toenails, not toes, which allows them to move fast on well packed earth
- have 32 teeth
4 glands
- interdigital gland - between hooves
- metatarsal gland - between hooves and heel on hind leg
- tarsal gland - inside leg on hock
- lachrymal gland- front of eye
DISTRIBUTION
- found everywhere in WI
- from middle Canada to southern US
TRAVEL
- tend to move only in a 1 sq mile area
- do not migrate - will starve to death, refuse to leave home range
HABITS
- buck lives separate from doe/offspring except during rut
- usually start to feed at 4:30pm till 7am
creatures of habit - if not bothered will follow same routine, trails, etc. - will shift pattern due to weather and food availability
require 10-12 lbs of food to satisfy needs
- herbivores
- startled deer will run to nearest cover, then stop to see if followed
BREEDING
- bucks lose antlers in december/jan.
- doe’s estrus cycle is in Oct. -heat period of 30 hours; come into heat every 28 days
BIRTH AND YOUNG
- gestation period is 200-210 days
- fawns born late May or June
fawns weigh 4 1/2 to 8 lbs at birth
- does leave fawns and come back to nurse 5-8 times/day
- at 3-4 weeks fawn will go with doe
LIFE SPAN
- life span of 8-11 year
- most bucks killed before 5 yrs
- does fertility decreases after age 9
SENSES
- smell - greatest sense
- hearing - flicker ears to get sound
- sight - quick to notice slight movements
COMMUNICATION
- fawn - bleats like a lamb
- older deer sound like hoarse raspy sheep
stamp feet when nervous which causes vibrations in ground
- signal danger by flashing white hair on rump
LOCOMOTION
- top speed is about 40 mph
- can clear up to 8 feet from standing position
can jump 28 ft in length
- will seek water if they can’t out run predator - good swimmers
ENEMIES
- original predators - mountain lion and wolf
- today - man and dogs
parasites
- external: lice, fleas, mosquitoes, wood ticks
- internal: lungworms, footworms, liver flukes, and tapeworms
