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INFERENCE 2C

INFERENCE 2C. Section 4.1. Inference is using logic or reasoning to figure something out that is not specifically stated . *This is a skill you probably use everyday; you just don’t put a label on it.

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INFERENCE 2C

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  1. INFERENCE2C

  2. Section 4.1 • Inference is using logic or reasoning to figure something out that is not specifically stated. *This is a skill you probably use everyday; you just don’t put a label on it. Making an inference involves reasoning or thinking through a situation when all the facts are not given.

  3. *Inference is the act or process of deriving a conclusion based solely on what one already knows. • Making inferences is like being a detective. You use clues or evidence to discover what has happened or what is true. • Inference can be used to draw conclusions, make predictions, or determine an author’s purpose.

  4. DRAWING CONCLUSIONS • Drawing a conclusion is using inference to make an assumption or a judgment based on the information or evidence given. • Sometimes an author does not state all of the facts directly. Readers must draw a conclusion by using clues from the passage and/or what they may already know to “read between the lines.” • Clues or evidence in the text may be details, organization,or specific language. • Practice 109-114

  5. MAKING PREDICTIONSSECTION 4.2 • A PREDICTION is using inference to make an educated guess at what will happen next. • As you read, you make predictions when you use clues to decide what will happen next either within a story or after it has concluded. • Predictions can be made about characters, events, and details in the story. • Even if your prediction is wrong, the process of making predictions will help to keep you more focused on the passage you are reading. **Practice 115-117

  6. MAKING INFERNCES IN POETRYSECTION 4.3 • So far, you have looked at different reading skills for prose. Prose is any type of writing that is not poetry. Prose contains ordinary sentences that follow ordinarygrammar rules. • This type of writing includes biographies, textbook explanations, encyclopedias, short stories, novels, magazine articles, newspapers, etc.

  7. POETRYpractice 118&119 • Poetry, on the other hand, is written in verse form and does NOT follow the same “rules” as prose. But the skill of using inference can also apply to poetry. • In poetry a verse is a line, and a stanza is a group of lines, similar to a paragraph of prose.

  8. INFERRING AUTHOR’s PURPOSESECTION 4.4 • You’ve already seen that author’s purpose is a writer’s reason for writing, but you may not realize that determining author’s purpose usually requires inference. • After all, not many authors tell the reader exactly why they are writing. It is up to the reader to infer, or figure out, the reason by what the author has said and how the author has said it. • Different types of writing can sometimes share a purpose. (a poem and a passage)

  9. LOOK AT PAGEs 120-124 • You will have to look at the details and organization of the passage to decide what its purpose is. • Remember to read each poem or passage carefully so that you don’t miss any of the clues.

  10. Definitions to know for author’s purpose • To introduce • To explain • To reveal • To show • To discuss • To illustrate • To reiterate • To reinforce • To provide • To encourage • To help • To cause • To persuade • To clarify • To emphasize • To stress • To identify • To highlight • To recommend

  11. Possible test questions • Read lines 19-27 from the passage. Based on the author’s use of details and language, what can the reader infer? • Read lines 50-57 from the passage. Based on the author’s use of details and language, what can the reader infer about Dr. Wilkerson? • What is the author’s purpose for writing this passage? • What is the author’s purpose for including this paragraph in the passage?

  12. Possible test questions(cont.) • What can the reader infer about how the details and language in the revised excerpt support the author’s purpose? • What can the reader infer about how the inclusion of additional details in the revised excerpt supports the author’s purpose? • What can the reader infer about how the details in the two excerpts support the author’s purpose? • Based on the details and organization in both the passage and the poem, which of the following describes a purpose they share?

  13. Possible test questions(cont.) • Based upon the details in the poem, what can the reader conclude about the speaker. • Based upon the details in the passage, which of the following can the reader conclude? • Read lines 12-26 from the passage. Based upon the author’s use of details and language, which of the following can the reader conclude from these lines? • Read lines 16-29 from the passage. From which of the following details can the reader conclude that stickball game outcomes were significant beyond the final score?

  14. Possible test questions(cont.) • Which conclusion below is an inference justified by the language and details in the excerpt? • Justify the accuracy or inaccuracy of the analysis by selecting the statement below that correctly evaluates the analysis.

  15. PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT • NOW PRACTICE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED!!

  16. Mississippi SATP English II Revised: Multiple Choice Student Review Guide for Vocabulary/Reading

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