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Understanding Wave Properties: Mechanics and Behavior

Learn about waves and their properties, including amplitude, wavelength, period, frequency, and speed. Explore wave behavior such as interference, refraction, and standing waves. Practice calculating wave characteristics with real-world examples. Enhance your knowledge of wave mechanics and behavior.

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Understanding Wave Properties: Mechanics and Behavior

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  1. Chapter 12 Section 3

  2. Wave Properties • Wave: one of two ways to carry energy • Matter is the other way • Mechanical waves: require a medium through which waves propagates • Medium = rope, water, spring, air • Two types: transverse and longitudinal

  3. Longitudinal vs. Transverse • http://paws.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html

  4. Describing a Wave • amplitude, A • wavelength, λ (lambda) • period, T (sec) • frequency, f (cycles per sec = sec-1 = Hz); f = 1/T • speed, v = λ·f • crest, compression • trough, rarefaction

  5. λ, f, & v

  6. Practice 12D, Pg 457 The string of a piano that produces the note middle C vibrates with a frequency of 264 Hz. If the sound waves produced by this string have a wave length in air of 1.30 m, what is the speed of sound in air?

  7. Describing Wave Behavior Pg 387 Teacher Edition by Glencoe Physics • incident wave • transmitted wave • reflected wave

  8. Example A sound wave has a frequency of 192 Hz and travels the length of a football field, 91.4 m, in 0.271 s. • the speed? • the wavelength? • the period? • If the frequency was changed to 442 Hz, new wavelength? New period?

  9. Wave Behavior • At a free end • At a fixed boundary • At the boundary with another medium • interference • constructive • destructive • Standing waves • Refraction

  10. Wave at a free end • Reflection of a Pulse at a Free End

  11. Waves at a fixed boundary • Reflection of a Pulse at a Fixed End

  12. Waves through different medium • Characteristics of a Transmitted Pulse

  13. Interference • How two or more waves are interacting • Each wave affect the medium independently • Waves algebraically combine to form a new wave - Principle of superposition • Superposition: having two or waves at the same place and at the same time • Constructive interference • Destructive interference • Video: 5 min Wave Interferences

  14. Constructive Interference(Waves are in phase)

  15. Destructive Interference(Waves are out of phase) • B • A+B A

  16. Standing Wave • Video: 3 min Standing waves

  17. Refraction • A profound effect of light waves • Bending the light waves when entering a different medium, results in the change of speed.

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