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Personalising Interaction using Profiled Skins

Personalising Interaction using Profiled Skins. Nick Fine nick.fine@brunel.ac.uk Research Start: March 2004. Section 1 Background Information. Motivations for Research. User Interfaces are designed for average or typical users……yet none of us are individually average.

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Personalising Interaction using Profiled Skins

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  1. Personalising Interaction using Profiled Skins Nick Fine nick.fine@brunel.ac.uk Research Start: March 2004

  2. Section 1Background Information

  3. Motivations for Research User Interfaces are designed for average or typical users……yet none of us are individually average. Why use interfaces designed for the everyman?

  4. User-centred design seeks to “know the user” (Neilsen 1993) – yet we ignore the user and design for the average user.

  5. Designing for Diversity Designing for the average user is designing for individual similarities. This research explores whether individual differences can be used to segment user populations, so that user interfaces can be designed for subsets of a larger population – towards a more personalised interface and subsequent interaction.

  6. Towards the Individual: Designing for Subsets

  7. Skins • A skin is considered to be the appearance of the user interface, including graphic, haptic, and/or aural patterns. • Skins are widely used to allow personalisation of the interface • Facilitate changing the user interface without needing to recode • Increasing availability of skinning features in operating systems and applications • Provide great flexibility • Financially cost effective to whitebox • Easy to localise applications

  8. Motivations for Research By providing skin selection as a feature of many applications we are in effect giving the user the ability to change the quality of their interaction. The ability to reskin an interface provides users the means to adapt the user interface but does not inform them as to how

  9. Skins and Interaction Changing the user interface changes the quality of the Interaction : • Change by aesthetic affect (Norman 2004, Reeves and Nass 1996) • Change in configuration and usability (e.g. Fitts Law (access time is a function of distance and target size ))

  10. Pilot Study Results – Study 1 Saati, Salem and Brinkman (2005): Interactive Behaviour and User Personality Significant correlations (p=0.01) between Clicks per day and button interclick time for extraversion and neuroticism Extraversion -.64** (friendliness -.54*, gregariousness -.53*) Neuroticism (anxiety .67**, self-consciousness .61*) Openness to Experience (liberalism -.60*)

  11. Pilot Study Results – Study 2 Saati, Salem and Brinkman (2005): User Personality and Skin Colour Significant correlations (p=0.05) between skin colours: Blue (E + C), Yellow (C) and Black (A + O) Blue: Extraversion -.53* (assertiveness -.48*, cheerfulness (-.53*), conscientiousness (achievement-striving -.51*). Yellow: Conscientiousness (achievement-striving -.48*). Black: Agreeableness (altruism -.46*), Openness to experience (imagination .73**)

  12. Section 2Experimental Details

  13. Goals • To develop the experimental tools and infrastructure to observe and record interactive behaviours relating to the user interface skin • To develop an empirically validated model to predict the most effective user interface skin for a user based upon their personality • To develop a means for predicting user type without requiring user responses

  14. Experimental Details How individual differences affect interactive behaviour as a function of user interface skin Dependent Variable Interactive Behaviour Independent Variable User Interface Skins Personality Hypothesis: Changing the user interface skin will change interactive behaviour for different personality types

  15. ProSkin Development Cycle

  16. Database Overview

  17. Infrastructure

  18. Profiled Skins (ProSkin) Profiled Skins are user interface skins appropriate to a certain subset of users of similar profile ProSkin = image files + XML definition

  19. ProSkin Components : XML

  20. ProSkin Interface Components : Images State : Normal MouseOver Button Images Background Image State : On Off Radio Station Directory Status Indicator

  21. Next Steps Final Release in September 2005 (first data) Writing up Chapters 2 and 3 Consider ProSkin browser experiment Offline experiments Additional independent variables, e.g. cognitive style

  22. Publications International Conference on Entertainment Computing 2004 Fine, N., & Brinkman, W.-P. (2004). Avoiding Average: Recording Interaction Data to Design for Specific User Groups. In M. Rauterberg Entertainment Computing - ICEC 2004 (p.398-401). Berlin: Springer. European Symposium on Ambient Intelligence 2004 Fine, N., & Brinkman, W.-P. (2004). Informing Intelligent Environments: Creating Profiled User Interfaces. In E. van den Hoven, W. IJsselsteijn, G. Kortuem, K. van Laerhoven, I. McClelland, E. Perik, N. Romero, and B. de (Ed.) Adjunct Proceedings of EUSAI , (p. 15-17).

  23. Website www.proskin.org

  24. Questions?

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