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Amines & Proteins

Explore the physical properties of amines such as benzeneamine, differences with amides, and the essential role of amines and proteins in biological systems including key examples like adrenaline, vitamins, and neurotransmitters. Learn about reductive amination and the structural hierarchy of proteins from primary to quaternary structure.

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Amines & Proteins

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  1. Amines & Proteins

  2. Physical Properties

  3. Benzenamine & Heterocyclic Amines

  4. Amines vs. Amides Amides less basic than amines

  5. Amines vs. Amides • Resonance stabilization due to pair of electrons • Electron withdrawing effect of the carbonyl group

  6. Biologically Important Amines • 2-Phenylethylamines (P. 953) • Physiological & Psychological effects • Adrenaline, noradrenaline • Vitamins & Antihistamines • Vitamins B6, B1, Niacin • Histamine, Valium, Nicotine • Tranquilizers • Neurotransmitters • Acetylcholine (Ach)

  7. Reductive Amination

  8. Hinsberg Test • Used to differentiate between 10, 20 & 30 amines • 10 amines precipitate after Acidification • 20 amines precipitate after first stage • 30 amines no reaction

  9. Proteins • 4 Kcal / g • Subunit Amino Acids • Linked by Peptide Bonds (Condensation Reactions

  10. Major Functions • Enzymes: Biological catalysts • Antibodies: Fight infection • Transport: Move materials around Ex. hemoglobin for O2. • Regulatory: Hormones, control metabolism. • Structural: Coverings and support skin, tendons, hair, nails, bone. • Movement: Muscles, cilia, flagella.

  11. Primary Structure • Covalent Bonds (Peptide Bonds)

  12. Secondary Structure • H-bonds

  13. Tertiary Structure • All bond types • Functional Level

  14. Quandary Structure • Mixed Bonds • Two or more proteins working together (Synergy)

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