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Viruses: Types, Diseases, and Transmission

Learn about viruses, non-cellular particles that invade living cells. Explore the structure of viruses, like the Herpes virus, and how they cause diseases like AIDS and influenza. Discover the types of viral diseases, transmission methods, specificity, and more.

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Viruses: Types, Diseases, and Transmission

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  1. Virus

  2. What is a Virus? • In latin = poison • A non-cellular particle made up of genetic material and protein that can invade living cells • Can only be seen by electron microscope

  3. Herpes Virus

  4. Structure of a Virus • Consists of core nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat (capsid) • Core is either DNA or RNA (never both)

  5. Structure of virus • Comes in a variety of shapes: rod, tadpole, helical, cube-like • Vary in size from 10-400 nanometers long (1 nanometer = 1billionth of a meter)

  6. Bacteriophage • A type of virus that invades bacteria and consists of a core nucleic acid (DNA), a protein capsid (which is the head), and a tail. Capsid Head DNA Tail Tail Fiber

  7. Viral Diseases Viruses are pathogens (disease – causing agents) responsible for much human suffering Cause human disease such as : AIDS, smallpox, chickenpox, polio, measles, mumps, influenza, yellow fever, rabies and the common cold

  8. Types of Diseases • There are 2 main types: 1) Endemic Disease • Disease that are with us all the time • Example: common cold 2) Epidemic Disease • Diseases that start to spread rapidly • Example: influence and measles in the winter

  9. Virus Transmission • Viruses can be spread through: 1) Direct Contact • Touching, biting by infected animal 2) Indirect contact • Airborne droplets, water, food, bodily fluids and fecal matter

  10. Specificity of a Virus • Usually a specific virus can only infect specific organism (ie. Plant viruses will not affect animals; bacteriophage will only infect bacteria) • There are millions of type of viruses, so they are capable of infecting virtually all organisms (eg. Bacteria, plants, insects, birds, mammals, etc.) Girl with flu shot go wrong

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