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Ms. Sosa

Ms. Sosa . 10.13.11. What are some of the benefits and costs of only hunting and gathering?. Benefits Costs 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. . Poem. The Ice Age ended in Hot weather and drought Reliable food sources Died or ran out. Men and women In the struggle to eat

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Ms. Sosa

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  1. Ms. Sosa 10.13.11

  2. What are some of the benefits and costs of only hunting and gathering? BenefitsCosts 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4.

  3. Poem The Ice Age ended in Hot weather and drought Reliable food sources Died or ran out. Men and women In the struggle to eat Learned to tame livestock And grow plants from seeds Now all year long They can live in one place And raise foods in surplus To get others through trade.

  4. Adapting to Change Before 10,000 years ago, humans were hunters and gatherers After the Ice Age, the world’s climate changed Changes in climate caused growth of plants and animal life in some places. Droughts caused food shortages, so it was difficult for people to feed themselves.

  5. Agricultural Revolution • About 10,000 years ago, people in parts of Asia domesticated plants and animals. • Because people learned to plant seeds and keep animals, they had food all year long. • They did not need to travel as much. • People began to have permanent homes. • People began building houses of mud and brick and made pathways to nearby fields.

  6. Farming as a Way of Life • Agriculture brought a steady food source and a lot of work. • By 8,000 B.C.E, farming developed around the world. • Responsibilities were divided between men and women. • Men cleared land, protected crops and herds, and hunted. • Women and children planted seeds, picked crops, and prepared and stored food.

  7. Bartering Some successful farm communities had food surpluses; thus, they could trade for things their environment did not produce or their people could not make, i.e. clay pots, jewelry, etc.

  8. Lesson 2 Ms. Sosa 10.17.11

  9. Poem Settlements could grow Into real villages When farms produced more Than enough food to subsist. With technology, farmers Could grow crops in excess Good soil , irrigation, and plows Brought them success. As population and trade In the villages grew, People sought leaders To settle disputes

  10. Farming Villages • Villages began in Asia as small settlements of a few families. • People used plants and animals as new materials for clothes and shelters. • Hunger and weather were dangers. • Successful Farming communities had: • Had good soil, good weather, and plenty of water • Had food surpluses to support a larger population

  11. Farming Communities Spread • Farming communities spread through Europe and Asia. Each community had unique goods. • In Europe • Cows, sheep, pigs, wheat, and barley • In Asia • “”, Flax, and lots of water • In America • Turkeys, beans, peppers, maize

  12. Economic and Social Changes Villages needed leaders to help control surplus and trade and to solve problems Villages began to unite into tribes; some became more powerful then others Pastoral societies= Nomads with animals (people that travel with animals).

  13. Lesson 3 10.18.11

  14. Poem Successful Villages Grew into towns And towns into cities With walls all around Farmers raised lots of Livestock and crops So much that others Could choose different jobs Leaders in government Made laws and taxes And division of labor Formed social classes.

  15. Early Towns • Settlements with success: • Farm communities grew into villages • Villages grew into towns. • Towns grew into cities • Some towns were successful at farming or trading. • Towns had protection of walls or houses built around them. • Ex: CatalHuyuk and Jericho

  16. Labors, Leaders, and Laws As towns developed there was more surplus food, people, jobs, and problems. People choose jobs that fit their talents. This led to a division of labor. Division of labor made social classes. Leaders with power, like rulers, and priests were of the highest social class. Towns people had to follow the rules made by leaders. Government began with these rules, or laws.

  17. Cities and Civilization • People who bought from traders and sold the items themselves were called merchants. • The first cities had about 5,000 people • Ex. Eridu, Kish, Ur, Uruk in southwest Asia • Taxes developed, in order to pay workers in the government • Eventually, the first civilizations developed.

  18. Essential Questions What are some of the costs and benefits to agriculture? Are there more costs or benefits to agriculture?

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