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AEEE 195 – Repetition Structures: Part A

Spring semester 2011. AEEE 195 – Repetition Structures: Part A. Outline. “For” loop “Nested for” Examples. “ for ” Repetition Structure. Another type of loop in C is the “for” loop. It is very good for definite loops (the number of iterations is known) ‏

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AEEE 195 – Repetition Structures: Part A

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  1. Spring semester 2011 AEEE 195 – Repetition Structures: Part A

  2. Outline “For” loop “Nested for” Examples

  3. “for” Repetition Structure • Another type of loop in C is the “for” loop. • It is very good for definite loops (the number of iterations is known)‏ • All the parts (priming, testing and updating) are in one place. • format: for (prime expression; test expression; update expression)‏ • Since the expressions are all in one place, many people prefer “for” to “while” when the number of iterations is known.

  4. Basic For Loop Syntax • “For” loops are good for creating definite loops (the number of iterations is known). int counter; for (counter =1;counter <= 10;counter++)‏ printf ("%d\n", counter); 1. Priming: Set the start value. 2. Test Condition: Set the stop value. 3. Update: Update the value. Note that each section is separated by a semicolon.

  5. for Loop Flowchart 1. Priming Set counter=1 2. Test counter <= 10 TRUE 3a. print counter 3b. Update counter++; FALSE

  6. Infinite Loop • You can still end up with an infinite loop when using for loops for (counter=0; counter<=10; counter--)‏

  7. For Loop Variations • Increment may be negative: for (i=100; i>=1; i--)‏ • This counts from 100 to 1. • Increment may be (negative and) greater than 1: for (i=100; i>=5; i-=5)‏ • This counts from 100 to 5 in steps of 5

  8. For Loop Variations • any expression may be more complex: for (i=100*y; i>=1; i--)‏ for (i=100; i>=y/2; i--)‏ for (i=100; i>=1; i-=4*y)‏

  9. For Loop Variations • by using commas, you can put more than one statement in any expression for (i=100, y=0; i>=1; i--)‏

  10. Nested For Loops • It is also possible to place a for loop inside another for loop. int rows, columns; for (rows=1; rows<=5; rows++) { for (columns=1; columns<=10; columns++) printf ("*"); printf ("\n"); } Output: ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** Outer Loop Inner Loop

  11. Nested For Loops: Example #2 #include <stdio.h> int main ()‏ { int rows, columns; for (rows=1; rows<=5; rows++) { for (columns=1; columns<=rows; columns++)‏ printf ("*"); printf ("\n"); } return 0; } Output: * ** *** **** ***** Outer Loop Inner Loop

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