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Conjunctions, Interjections, and Multipurpose Words: Types and Uses

Learn about conjunctions, interjections, and multipurpose words and their uses in connecting sentence elements, expressing feelings, and serving different parts of speech. Identify different types of conjunctions, use them to maintain parallel structure, and understand the function of interjections and multipurpose words.

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Conjunctions, Interjections, and Multipurpose Words: Types and Uses

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  1. Chapter 8 CONJUNCTIONS, INTERJECTIONS, AND MULTIPURPOSE WORDS

  2. Learning Objectives 1 To identify types of conjunctions and explain their uses 2 To choose conjunctions that express intended relationships 3 To maintain parallel structure 4 To determine phrases, dependent clauses, and independent clauses 5 To identify and use interjections appropriately 6 To identify and use multipurpose words correctly

  3. Conjunctions • Conjunctions show relationships by connecting sentence elements: words, phrases, and clauses. • A phrase is a group of related words that does not contain both a subject and a verb. • A clause is a group of related words that does contain both a subject and a verb. • An independent clause, or main clause, expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. • A dependent clause does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence. Refer to CHECKPOINT 1.

  4. Sentence Types SIMPLE SENTENCE Has one independent clause and no dependent clauses COMPOUND SENTENCE Contains two or more independent clauses, which are often joined by COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS (used to join parallel sentence elements) Refer to CHECKPOINT 2. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS (used in pairs to connect gram-matically equal sentence elements Refer to CHECKPOINT 3. CONJUNCTIVE (LINKING) ADVERBS and TRANSITIONAL PHRASES (used to connect two main clauses) Refer to CHECKPOINT 4.

  5. Parallel Structure • Parallelism is achieved when conjunctions or conjunctive adverbs connect grammatically equal sentence elements. • Faulty parallelism occurs when dissimilar sentence elements are connected or when correlative conjunctions are not placed next to or as close as possible to the elements connected. Refer to CHECKPOINT 5.

  6. Sentence Types SIMPLE SENTENCE COMPOUND SENTENCE COMPLEX SENTENCE Contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE Contains two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause

  7. Subordinating Conjunctions • Subordinating conjunctions join unequal sentence elements (dependent clauses to independent clauses). • A clause that begins with a subordinating conjunction is a dependent clause. • Subordinating conjunctions include until, because, although, and where. Refer to CHECKPOINT 6. Refer to APPLICATION 8-1 through 8-6.

  8. Interjections • Interjections, also called exclamations, are words or phrases that express feelings and emotions. • They are not related grammatically to the other words in a sentence. • Interjections that relate intense feelings are followed by an exclamation point. • Interjections that represent mild feelings are followed by a comma. Refer to CHECKPOINT 7.

  9. Multipurpose Words • Words may serve as more than one part of speech depending on how they are used in a sentence. Refer to CHECKPOINT 8. Refer to APPLICATION 8-7. Refer to CHAPTER 8 REVIEW. Refer to APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE.

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