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Introduction into the Window Channels

This document provides an introduction to window channels utilized in meteorological observations, detailing their specific characteristics and content. It explores various channels ranging from 0.6µm to 12.0µm, including VIS, NIR, MIR, and IR bands, highlighting how solar and Earth radiation interact across these wavelengths. Special focus is given to their applications in recognizing cloud systems and their effectiveness in the detection of high, thin cirrus clouds. Comparative insights with NOAA channels and their sensitivity to different cloud types are also discussed.

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Introduction into the Window Channels

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  1. Introduction into the Window Channels Description of characteristics and content of the channels:Ch07: 8.7  Ch09: 10.8  Ch10: 12.0  Contact person: Veronika Zwatz-Meise zwatz-meise@zamg.ac.at Version 1.0. 13 July 2004

  2. All MSG channels • Channel 01: VIS 0.6  • Channel 02: VIS 0.8  • Channel 03: NIR 1.6  • Channel 04: MIR 3.9  • Channel 05 WV 6.2  • Channel 06: WV 7.3  • Channel 07: IR 8.7 • Channel 08: IR 9.7  („Ozon“) • Channel 09: IR 10.8  • Channel 10: IR 12.0  • Channel 11: IR 13.4  („CO2“) • Chanell 12: HRV (High Resolution Visible)

  3. Ch07: 8.7  Ch09: 10.8  Ch10: 12.0  Sun radiation Earth radiation Watt/ m2 and micron Ozone Carbon dioxid Water vapour Wavelength (micron)

  4. Comparison of radiation sources sun - earth • For wave length < 5 m solar radiation is dominant • For wave length > 5 m radiation of earth is dominant • Ch01, 02, 03, 12: only sun radiation • Ch04: both: radiation from sun and earth • Ch 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11: only thermal earth radiation Sun radiation Earth radiation Watt/ m2 and micron only VIS VIS + IR only IR

  5. Ch07, 09, 10 in window region Therefore: no fundamental attenuation of the radiation through absorption Energy spectrum Source:EUMETSAT Ch07 Ch09 Ch10

  6. Max. signal in the window channels from the surface and lower part of troposphere Weighting functions Source:EUMETSAT Figure 3c

  7. Application areas for the window channels • Recognition of cloud systems because of the thermal radiation of cloud and earth surface • Extraction of high thin Cirrus from the whole cloud systems

  8. Ch07: 8.7

  9. Some characteristica: Ch07: 8.7 • Indicative for high, thin Cirrus cloud • improved recognition of Cirrus • best use through preparation of RGBs and differences • Support for discrimination between ice- and water cloud • From optical point of view (at the time being) no typical new features recognisable

  10. Ch07:8.7

  11. Ch09:10.8

  12. Ch10:12.0

  13. Ch09: 10.8 and Ch10: 12.0 These channels are comparable to the relevant NOAA channels

  14. Sun radiation Earth radiation

  15. Some characteristica: Ch09: 10.8 and Ch10: 12.0 • Usual evaluation of cloud in both channels • Not much difference between the apperance in the three window channels • Ch10 is more sensitive for high thin Cirrus • not easy to recognise through checking by eyes • difference images give information

  16. Ch07: 8.7

  17. Ch09: 10.8

  18. Ch10: 12.0

  19. Split window Ch09: 10.8 and Ch10: 12.0 • Ch10 is more sensitive for high thin Cirrus • not easy to recognise through checking by eyes • difference images give information

  20. Different Absorption of Ice- and Watercloud between 10.8 and 12.0 m Higher absorption in the ice phase in 12.0 Absorption of Ice- and Water cloud After Source: D. Rosenfeld

  21. Examples for visualisation of high Cirrus Differencen of I07, I09, I10 Source: Jochen Kerkmann kerkmann@eumetsat.de

  22. Difference I07 - I09 Angola

  23. Difference I09 - I10 Angola

  24. Difference I07 - I09 S-Atlantic

  25. Difference I09 - I10 S-Atlantic

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