Animals

1. Animals POPULATIONS ECOSYSTEMS HABITATS NICHES

2. Ecosystem • Definition: • A system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their natural environment. • Includes biotic, or “living” components. • Includes abiotic, or “non-living” components.

3. Ecosystem Model

4. Organisms in an Ecosystem • Autotrophs: • An organism that can make or synthesize its own food from sunlight or chemical energy.

5. Organisms in an Ecosystem • Autotrophs: • An organism that can make or synthesize its own food from sunlight or chemical energy. • Heterotrophs: • An organism that cannot synthesize its own food energy, and must get it from organic sources in the ecosystem in which it lives.

6. Organisms in an ecosystem need…

7. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food

8. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter

9. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter AIR

10. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter AIR Water

11. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter AIR Space Water

12. Organisms in an ecosystem need… food shelter AIR LIMITING FACTORS Space Water

13. Day 2

14. Different Levels of a Landscape • Organisms live together in many different levels with different classifications.

15. Different Levels of a Landscape • Species: An organism that creates a viable, fertile offspring through the process of reproduction.

16. Different Levels of a Landscape • Population: A group of organisms of the same species living at the same place at the same time.

17. Different Levels of a Landscape • Community: A group of interdependent species interacting with each other in the same habitat.

18. Different Levels of a Landscape • Habitat: The geographic place and conditions in which a population and biological community exist.

19. Different Levels of a Landscape Day 3

20. Roles in a habitat Organisms need to satisfy all of their needs for life within their habitats

21. Roles in a habitat And sometimes try to use the same resources to live…

22. Roles in a habitat Definition: Competition- interaction between individuals or populations that usually has a negative effect for all organisms.

23. Roles in a habitat Definition: Niche - The specific area an organism inhabits - The role or function of an organism or species in an ecosystem. - The interaction of all biotic and abiotic factors relating to it.

24. Roles in a habitat Definition: Niche… or… An organism’s role, or “job” within the habitat and ecosystem.

25. Types of Niches in a Habitat Producer: an autotrophic organism that uses the process of photosynthesis to create a chemical food source.

26. Types of Niches in a Habitat Consumer: - a heterotrophic organism that obtains food and energy from other organisms.

27. Types of Niches in a Habitat Decomposer: - an organism who performs the task of recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem through the process of decomposition, as it feeds on dead or decaying organisms.

28. A place to see this all in action…

29. The Man who saw this and pondered… Charles Darwin Naturalist aboard The Beagle 1831-1836

30. Food Chains Day 4

31. Food Chains Organisms can be organized into a connected line of telling where they get their energy from. This connected line is called a “Food Chain”

32. Food Chains We already discussed that producers are autotrophs that get their energy from the sun thru photosynthesis. Producers are called “Primary Producers” in a food chain. (write these terms down). sun Autotroph “Primary Producer”

33. Food Chains sun A heterotroph that eats the primary producer is called a “Primary Consumer. “ Autotroph “Primary Producer” Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

34. Food Chains Sometimes heterotrophs will prey on and eat a primary consumer. They are called “Tertiary Consumers.” sun Autotroph “Primary Producer” Heterotroph “Tertiary Consumer” Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

35. Food Chains Definitions: Predator: an animal that hunts and kills an animal of prey. Prey: an animal that a predator feeds upon. sun Autotroph “Primary Producer” Heterotroph “Tertiary Consumer” Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

36. Food Chains If an animal is at the top of its food chain, and is not prey for another species, then it is called the “Apex Predator.” sun Autotroph “Primary Producer” Heterotroph “Tertiary Consumer” Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

37. Food Chains Eventually all animals die, and their tissues are broken down by decomposers. sun Autotroph “Primary Producer” Heterotroph “Tertiary Consumer” decomposer Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

38. Food Chains Sometimes an animal will eat another organism, but only after it is dead, or has been killed by a different species. These animals are called “Scavengers.” sun Autotroph “Primary Producer” Heterotroph “Tertiary Consumer” decomposer Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

39. Food Chains Definition: Scavenger: an animal that eats the carcass of a dead animal it usually did not kill. sun Autotroph “Primary Producer” Scavenger. Heterotroph “Tertiary Consumer” decomposer Heterotroph “Primary Consumer”

40. Other Useful Definitions… Herbivore: An animal that eats only plants. Carnivore: An animal that eats only animals. Omnivore: An animal that eats both plants and animals.

41. Make your Own!! Your task: Use the information you have gathered about your animal to sketch a complete food chain of your animal, including the sun, primary producers, consumers (all of them) and decomposers. If your animal is prey, then draw what the predator is.

42. Other Useful Definitions… Label the sketch with the vocabulary words we just wrote down. Use color and make it a good quality sketch.