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Rice Consortium Methodology 1-Phase Behavior Salinity Maps for Optimal Blends

Rice Consortium Methodology 1-Phase Behavior Salinity Maps for Optimal Blends 2-Static Adsorption Two-phase titration 3-Dynamic Emulsification/Demulsification Maura Puerto 4- 26-2011. Phase Behavior Methodology: High °C, Variable-hard brines Salinity Maps for Optimal Blends

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Rice Consortium Methodology 1-Phase Behavior Salinity Maps for Optimal Blends

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  1. Rice Consortium • Methodology • 1-Phase Behavior • Salinity Maps for Optimal Blends • 2-Static Adsorption • Two-phase titration • 3-Dynamic Emulsification/Demulsification • Maura Puerto • 4- 26-2011

  2. Phase Behavior Methodology: • High °C, Variable-hard brines • Salinity Maps for Optimal Blends • Best Blend : Foam, lowest possible IFT • Injection Composition

  3. Mapping for Best Blend Selection • Triton X200 and IOS 20+ 0342………..90°C , 120°C • Avanel S70 and IOS 20+ 0342………. 90°C , 120°C • Avanel S150 and IOS 20+ 0342……… 90°C , 120°C • The mapping is helping on the interpretation of coreflooding test results

  4. 90°C • Type I • Desirable • Surfactant propagation • Foam formation Type II Undesirable Test Sample

  5. 90°C Type II

  6. Solubility Map of Blends Synthetic sea water (Ca , Mg) b-C16,17 - 9EO GS and IOS 20-24 IOSGS A suitable choice for injection in an EOR process is the 50/50 blend, 7

  7. Procedure _Static Adsorption Sample Preparation • Weigh solution , ~ 20-25 cc, into two 40 cc vial • Weigh dolomite powder ~ 0.7-1.2 gram in TS • Insert stirrer in TS and condenser in B and TS • Immerse B &TS in 90°C oil bath • Let B and TS reach test temperature • Mix TS on a stirring plate for 10-15 sec • Return TS to bath • Repeat for at least 3 times within 2 days • Let TS to equilibrate _Clear Supernatant_ • Titrate 3 aliquot of each supernatant • Plot Data • Calculate Concentration by Slope* Titrant conc. Blank (B) TestSample (TS) Oil Bath 2 mM 2 mM 4 4 6 6 8 8 8

  8. REMARKS • Salinity Maps could be used for fast screening of surfactants for EOR process of variable sources of brine composition for injection and formation brines: • Reliable two, two-phase titration procedures developed for determining static adsorption at 90°C… • For mixtures of anionics: Epton’s (Methylene Blue) for Total (A1+A2) • For anionics+ soaps : Bromocresol for Total (A1+Asoap) and Epton’s for A1 • Rice developing HPLC Procedure for assesing adsorption of individual surfactant in mixture

  9. END

  10. Example of Selection of Optimal Blend, Bø Triton X-200_Enordet 0342 50/50:FB/SW S-Akal 90°C Triton X200 9/1 8/2 7/3 6/4 5/5 4/6 3/7 2/8 1/9 IOS 0342 Bø 9/2/2014 11 Set B Triton X-200_Enordet 0342 in 50_50 FB_SW and 1cc SLO 90°C .JPG

  11. Dynamic Emulsification/Demulsification Maura Puerto Tarek Hariz Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

  12. Objective • Develop apparatus for consistently testing Emulsification/Demulsification of crude oils One-pass Mini-Loop

  13. One-Pass Emulsification Pressure Transducer Card and Computer Pressure Transducer Oil Brine CV Frit CV HPLC Pump Crude Oil/Emulsion 15

  14. Example of One-pass emulsification 29% 3.5% NaCl / 71% crude oil Rate =7cc/min. Each sample collected ~2.5 minutes. Red line: volume of brine in samples At the top :. After Sample 6 collected Sample 1 has being aged for 15 minutes At the bottom: Samples after 96 hours of aging

  15. Mini-Loop Pressure Transducer Card and Computer Pressure Transducer Demulsifier Brine Crude Oil/Emulsion Positive Displacement Pump

  16. Effect of Shear 981 sec-1 685 sec-1

  17. Emulsification-Demulsification Emulsion with Demulsifier 65 cP Brine Injection Demulsifier Injected Crude Oil 50/50 Water/Oil Emulsion 200 cP (NMR case)

  18. e = oek  k = 5.5  = water cut Percent Water Cut

  19. Thanks For Coming Pemex Chevron

  20. Calculations Calculating apparent viscosity from pressure drop measured Hagen–Poiseuille equation

  21. The Viscosity Of Crude -Oils Emulsions William Woelflin Drilling an Production Practice 1942 Page 152 ” ...the viscosity ratio ( e / o ) for a given brine content is independent of temperature” e = oek  k = constant  = water cut Woelflin's correlation http://www.fortunecity.com/tatooine/falcon/502/emulflo2.html • Many computer software for pipeline hydraulics calculation normally assume Woelflin's correlation for wet oil viscosity up to an inversion point which is usually assumed to be the same (typically 0.6) for all oils. The weakness of this approach lies in the following: • Woelflin's equation assumes total emulsification of the oil-water mixture which is far from the real situation in the pipe. The equation takes no account of the varying degrees of mixing in practice. • Wholesale application of the equation would lead to over -estimation of pressure loss in pipes. • It is inaccurate to assume that all oils have the same inversion water-cut. The error in equipment specification due to this assumption could be large, especially for water cuts close to the inversion point. Crude oils generally have differ.

  22. Emulsion Bottom 6.3X Hydrophobic Slide →18

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