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An introduction

An introduction . Sexual Ethics And Relationships L.O To learn the history and the changes in attitude towards sex, especially in 20 th – 21 st century. . Sexual Ethics. TASKS : 1. What issues can you think of to do with sexual ethics? Write as many of these down as you can

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An introduction

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  1. An introduction Sexual Ethics And Relationships L.O To learn the history and the changes in attitude towards sex, especially in 20th – 21st century.

  2. Sexual Ethics TASKS: 1. What issues can you think of to do with sexual ethics? Write as many of these down as you can 2. Now highlight as many of these that are still MAJOR issues today 3. Can you divide sexuality / sexual acts into those that are legal and illegal?

  3. Sexual Ethics LEGAL ILLEGAL Having sex in private Having sex with many people or partners Adultery Homosexuality Prostitution Paying for sex (if the person is 18+) Most forms of pornography Having sex in public Indecent exposure (the must be intent) Marriage to more than one person (polygamy) Sex under the age of 16 Sex without consent (rape) Kerb Crawling Homosexual sex under the age of 16 changed in recent years. Pimping Owning a brothel

  4. H. L. Hart (1907 – 1992) Sexual intercourse between husband and wife is not immoral, but if it takes place in public it is an affront to human decency’ On the other hand, he suggests that no private sexual act could harm anyone ‘apart from a few neurotic persons who are literally “made ill” by it’ Do you agree? What might be unacceptable? Draws a boundary between public and private sexual acts – separating the acceptable and unacceptable

  5. Christianity BIBLE QUOTES - quick outline The Biblical emphasis is on man and woman expressing their sexuality within a marriage union The ‘one flesh’ principle suggests that a sexual relationship is assumed to be an integral part of marriage In principle, all other sexual relationships are seen as wrong and undermine the trust and protection offered by Christian marriage

  6. Christian Churches These largely follow the view that sex should be confined to marriage HOWEVER, many religious believers say this is too legalistic – Sex should be seen in the context of loving ‘The sexual act must take place exclusively within marriage. Outside marriage it always constitutes a grave sin’Catechism of the RC Church

  7. Natural Law Natural Law suggests that every aspect of creation is designed to work in particular ways To follow these ‘laws of nature’ will lead to happiness Thomas Aquinas (Summa Theologica II) applied this to sexual ethics, arguing that the natural purpose of sexual organs was to reproduce – Therefore any sexual act that goes against their true and natural use is seen as a perversion and a sin

  8. Ancient views on sex

  9. Pythagoreans, 5th century Pythagoreans

  10. Pythagoreans Ancient Greek Philosopher Pythagoras believed that humans should obtain from the physical and live a quiet life. Souls are imprisoned within the body and that they had to free them to move to a new life form. The physical obstructs the soul’s progress, because sex inhibits this progress it is not holy. He therefore believed in Dualism.

  11. Stoics 3rd century BC The ancient Greek Stoics took a similar line and regarded with disapproval the sense of the loss of control and animal instinct in sexual excitement and orgasm.

  12. Cyrenaics

  13. Cyrenaics The Cyrenaics established by Aristipuss (fifth century BCE) were a group who celebrated physical pleasure and led a life of sensual enjoyment. They saw immediate physical pleasure as the supreme good and pursued them.

  14. Ancient Hebrews The Ancient Israelites had a more positive attitude towards sex and reproduction. This is seen in the Song of Songs, in which a couple express the sensual erotic beauty that they see in each other. There were also certain rules that recognised the importance of sex and marriage. Newly married men were excused from military service for one year to allow the couple to enjoy each other.

  15. The song of songs, which is Solomon's. Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth: for thy love is better than wine. Because of the savour of thy good ointments thy name is as ointment poured forth, therefore do the virgins love thee. Draw me, we will run after thee: the king hath brought me into his chambers: we will be glad and rejoice in thee, we will remember thy love more than wine: the upright love thee

  16. 1920’s • It wasn’t until the early 1920’s that the first birth control clinic was opened, until then, it was not an option nor something that was ever really discussed. • * see history of the family planning clinics to see the views on sexual activity change.

  17. Why would sex be kept within marriage only? • Think practically…? • Where would our historic views on sexuality in this country come from? • What would change our views on sex? Think of 1945

  18. Condoms • When do you think condoms were invented and available here and why?

  19. Condoms • It wasn’t until the late 1950’s that the latex lubricated condom was introduced into Britain, even though condoms dated back to the Egyptians. • In Egyptian times however it was more due to sexually transmitted diseases rather then pregnancy, it was made out of like thin linen. • Despite Rome's strict Christian orientation there is evidence of condoms being use in Europe, such as Rome round 100-200 AD. This was also possibly due to the spread of syphilis, these were still linen and soaked in sperm killing chemicals. • 1861 was the first adverts promoting condoms in an American newspaper. • It wasn’t until the 1920’s that condoms were made from hand dipping from rubber cement, however they had a short shelf life. • Latex rubber condoms were soon introduced as they were stronger and lasted longer in date, In 1957, coloured and flavoured condoms were introduced. • However…..

  20. In the mid 60’s things changed. Why? • 1961 • 1967 • Two key dates

  21. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/video/2009/apr/08/durex-ad • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yd-0Js7ixro • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7I2QEnbHDKE • The history of family planninghttp://www.fpa.org.uk/professionals/factsheets/historyoffamilyplanning • www.abortionrights.org.uk

  22. What helped to change the attitude of sex? • Especially from the early 1960’s to present day?

  23. Attitude towards sex today Mind map your ideas….think about: • Do woman do what they are told in the bedroom? • What is the purpose of sex? • How important is sex within a relationship? • Who do people have sex with? • Is it a ‘taboo’ subject? (think of adverts at the moment) • Have attitudes changed? i.e. think of homosexuality • Use and access of contraception • Think about pregnancy and unwanted pregnancies

  24. Main Task Use your notes to explain how and why the attitude of sex has changed and why?

  25. Development …Religious Ethics (Christianity) • Think about how Christians may feel about the role of sex in today society. • Would they agree more with the ancient views or modern views? • Think about different types of Christians, will they all feel the same?

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