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Project #4 Energy Dissipation Capacity of a Wood-frame Shear Wall

Project #4 Energy Dissipation Capacity of a Wood-frame Shear Wall. CEE 3702 - Numerical Analysis. Session Objectives. Provide background on the performance of wood-frame structures subjected to earthquakes (Northridge)

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Project #4 Energy Dissipation Capacity of a Wood-frame Shear Wall

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  1. Project #4 Energy Dissipation Capacity of a Wood-frame Shear Wall CEE 3702 - Numerical Analysis

  2. Session Objectives • Provide background on the performance of wood-frame structures subjected to earthquakes (Northridge) • Provide the specifics of an experimental research program aimed at reducing damage • Define the scope of the numerical analysis project

  3. Historical Performance of Wood-Framed Structures Under Seismic Loads • Properly designed and constructed structures perform “adequately” • Significant secondary damage to structures following an earthquake • Catastrophic failures in non-engineered or poorly constructed structures

  4. Performance of Wood-frame Structures in the Northridge Earthquake, January 17, 1994 • 19 deaths • Collapse of Hillside and Tuck-Under Parking • $40 billion loss (primarily due to secondary damage)

  5. Northridge Ground Motion

  6. Ground Damage

  7. Ground Damage

  8. Structural vs. Nonstructural Damage • Structural Systems • Beams • Columns • Slabs • Steel, Concrete, Masonry, Wood What is nonstructural damage?

  9. Nonstructural Damage • All damage that is not structural • Secondary damage • More costly than structural damage • Includes nonphysical damage

  10. Window Frames

  11. Elevator and Door Frames

  12. Collapse

  13. Cripple Walls

  14. Typical Wood Shear Wall

  15. Wood-frame Shear Walls

  16. Wood-frame Shear Walls

  17. Wall Openings

  18. Quantity and Location Splitting of Bottom Plate Splitting of Posts Construction/Installation Errors Anchor Bolts

  19. Anchor Bolts

  20. Nonstructural Damage

  21. Problems in Wood Structures • Cripple Walls • Shear Walls • Wall Openings • Anchor Bolts • Nonstructural Damage How do we improve these trouble areas?

  22. Northridge Fallout • City of Los Angeles Inspections • Code Changes (after every EQ) • Research - $6.9 million from FEMA to CUREe (California Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering) • Innovative Systems

  23. Strong Walls Anchor Bolts Add Strength Improvements

  24. Objective of the Experimental Research Program • Investigate and evaluate methods for increasing the energy dissipation capacity of wood-framed shear walls using viscoelastic dampers.

  25. Viscoelastic Dampers • Viscoelastic dampers manufactured by 3M • Prevalent in Steel and Concrete Structures • Never been applied to wood-frame structures

  26. Damping Schemes • Corner • Sheathing-to-stud • Diagonal • X-brace

  27. VE Dampers Applied to Wood Walls

  28. Dynamic Test Setup Hydraulic Actuator applying the “EQ” Wood Shear Wall

  29. Experimental Investigation • Full-scale testing of conventional wood shear walls (no dampers) • Full-scale testing of wood shear walls with viscoelastic dampers • Compare structural properties of both

  30. Dynamic Test Procedure

  31. Typical Results

  32. Calculation of KE and ED KE ED

  33. Numerical Analysis Project • The data for two individual hysteresis loops is on the website. • 1 set for a conventional wall • 1 set for a diagonally damped wall • Calculate the energy dissipation for each wall • Determine whether or not using VE dampers as a means for increasing the energy dissipation capacity of wood-frame shear walls is feasible.

  34. Final Project • Executive Summary • Problem Description • Detailed Solution Methodology • Results • Conclusions Project Due at the beginning of class on Monday December 11th

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