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Understand the architecture of Intel 8085 microprocessor

Chapter-2. Md. Mahtab Ullah Instructor Department of Computer. Understand the architecture of Intel 8085 microprocessor. Topic. Define microprocessor and microcomputer Describe the evolution of microprocessor the important features of Intel 8085 microprocessor

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Understand the architecture of Intel 8085 microprocessor

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  1. Chapter-2 Md. Mahtab Ullah Instructor Department of Computer Understand the architecture of Intel 8085 microprocessor

  2. Topic • Define microprocessor and microcomputer • Describe the evolution of microprocessor • the important features of Intel 8085 microprocessor • the function of each block of Intel 8085 microprocessor • the register architecture of 8085 microprocessor

  3. Microcomputer A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). It includes a microprocessor, memory, and input/output (I/O) facilities.

  4. Microprocessor A microprocessor incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC) or at most a few integrated circuits.

  5. Evolution of Microprocessor 4-bit Microprocessors The first microprocessor was introduced in 1971 by Intel Corp. It was named Intel 4004 as it was a 4 bit processor. It was a processor on a single chip. It could perform simple arithmetic and logic operations such as addition, subtraction, Boolean AND and Boolean OR.

  6. Evolution of Microprocessor 8-bit Microprocessors The first 8 bit microprocessor which could perform arithmetic and logic operations on 8 bit words was introduced in 1973 again by Intel. This was Intel 8008 and was later followed by an improved version, Intel 8088. Some other 8 bit processors are Zilog-80 and Motorola M6800.

  7. Evolution of Microprocessor 16-bit Microprocessors The 8-bit processors were followed by 16 bit processors. They are Intel 8086 and 80286. 32-bit Microprocessors The 32 bit microprocessors were introduced by several companies but the most popular one is Intel 80386.

  8. Evolution of Microprocessor Pentium Series Instead of 80586, Intel came out with a new processor namely Pentium processor. Its performance is closer to RISC performance. Pentium was followed by Pentium Pro CPU. Pentium Pro allows allow multiple CPUs in a single system in order to achieve multiprocessing.

  9. Features of Intel 8085 microprocessor • 8085 microprocessor is an 8 bit microprocessor. I.e. it can accept or provide 8 bit data simultaneously. • 8085 microprocessor is a single chip, NMOS device implemented with 6200 transistors. • 8085 microprocessor requires a single +5V DC power supply. • 8085 microprocessor provides on chip clock generator, therefore there is no need of external clock generator, but it requires external tuned circuit like LC, RC or crystal.

  10. Features of Intel 8085 microprocessor 5) 8085 microprocessor requires two phase, 50% duty cycle, TTL clock. These clock signals are generated by an internal clock generator 6) The maximum clock frequency of 8085 microprocessor is 3MHz where as minimum clock frequency is 500 KHz. 7) 8085 provides 74 instructions with the following addressing modes: register, direct, immediate, indirect, implied.

  11. Features of Intel 8085 microprocessor 8) The data bus is multiplexed with the address bus, hence it requires external hardware to separate data lines from address lines (this is one of the disadvantage of 8085). 9) 8085 microprocessor provides 16 address lines, therefore it can access 2^16 = 64K bytes of memory. 10) It generates 8 bit I/O address, hence it can access 2^8 = 256 input ports and 256 output ports..

  12. Block of Intel 8085 microprocessor

  13. 8085 Bus Structure

  14. 8085 Bus Structure Address Bus: • The address bus is a group of 16 lines generally identified as A0 to A15. • The address bus is unidirectional: bits flow in one direction-from the MPU to peripheral devices. • The MPU uses the address bus to perform the first function: identifying a peripheral or a memory location.

  15. 8085 Bus Structure Data Bus: • The data bus is a group of eight lines used for data flow. • These lines are bi-directional - data flow in both directions between the MPU and memory and peripheral devices. • The MPU uses the data bus to perform the second function: transferring binary information. • The eight data lines enable the MPU to manipulate 8-bit data ranging from 00 to FF (28 = 256 numbers). • The largest number that can appear on the data bus is 11111111.

  16. 8085 Bus Structure Control Bus: • The control bus carries synchronization signals and providing timing signals. • The MPU generates specific control signals for every operation it performs. These signals are used to identify a device type with which the MPU wants to communicate.

  17. Registers of 8085

  18. Registers of 8085 • The 8085 have six general-purpose registers to store 8-bit data during program execution. • These registers are identified as B, C, D, E, H, and L. • They can be combined as register pairs-BC, DE, and HL-to perform some 16-bit operations.

  19. Thank you

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