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The speed of sound in a magnetized hot Quark-Gluon-Plasma Based on: 0905.2097

The speed of sound in a magnetized hot Quark-Gluon-Plasma Based on: 0905.2097. Neda Sadooghi Department of Physics Sharif University of Technology Tehran-Iran MIDEAST 2009. QCD Phase Diagram. Main Goals: Physics of the Early Universe In general

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The speed of sound in a magnetized hot Quark-Gluon-Plasma Based on: 0905.2097

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  1. The speed of sound in a magnetized hot Quark-Gluon-PlasmaBased on: 0905.2097 NedaSadooghi Department of Physics Sharif University of Technology Tehran-Iran MIDEAST 2009

  2. QCD Phase Diagram Main Goals: • Physics of the Early Universe In general • Behavior of nuclear matter under extreme T,μ,B,E … Specific Goals: • Interplay between various phase transitions • Confinement-Deconfinement • Chiral Symmetry Restoration Two different aspects: • Static aspects • Dynamical aspects

  3. QCD Phase Diagram Static aspects: • Thermodyn. properties of new phases T dependence of • Energy density • Pressure • …  Various aspects of phase transition • Type of phase transitions • 1st order phase transition • 2nd order phase transition • Position of the critical end points • Critical T, μ

  4. QCD Phase Diagram Static aspects: Nonperturbative Methods (low energy physics) • Lattice QCD • Thermal Field Theory Phenomenological Model Building • Hadron resonance gas model  Statistical Model • Linear and nonlinear sigma model  Chiral (effective) Field Theory • Polyakov-NJL model  Chiral (effective) Field Theory + Lattice QCD • …

  5. QCD Phase Diagram Static aspects: Lattice QCD (deficits) • It is difficult to implement dynamical (physical) quarks • It is difficult to implement a finite and large μ in MC calculations Nevertheless: Lattice QCD predictions Tc =180-200 MeV Crossover  Trace anomaly Є-3P (Bazavov et al., 0903.4379 [hep-lat])

  6. Lattice QCD Predictions (Bazavov et al., 0903.4379 [hep-lat]) Trace anomaly Є-3P The speed of sound KEYWORD: THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM (Time plays no major role)

  7. QCD Phase Diagram Dynamical (non-equilibrium) aspects: Methods • Real-time thermal field theory • … • Relativistic hydrodynamics (Rel. fluid dynamics  Landau ‘1950) • Non-dissipative (non-viscous) hydrodynamics • Dissipative hydrodynamics Transport properties T-dependence of shear and bulk viscosities T-dependence of the speed of sound  e.g. Study the new strongly correlated QGP phase created at RHIC

  8. RHIC: Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider  The sQGP phase behaves as a nearly perfect fluid • Jet quenching • Elliptic flow • Au-Au collisions with the energy of 100 GeV per nucleon • The motion of particles is relativistic • The nuclei are Lorentz contracted by a factor of • Enormous entropy production (~7000 particles are produced) • Very short equilibration time ~6 fm/c

  9. RHIC: Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider • Magnetic field production in off-central HI collisions • Due to very large relative angular momentum • Due to electrically charged ions in the initial state, and due to the electric charge asymmetry in the distributions of the produced hadrons (Kharzeev et al. 2007) • The produced magnetic field is perp. to the reaction plane  Event to event P and CP violation (Kharzeev et al. 2008)

  10. Our goal here: Study the effect of a constant and strong magnetic field on the speed of sound in a magnetized hot QGP N.S., 0905.2097 [hep-ph]

  11. Our Method • Consider an effective field theory model of QCD (NJL model) in the presence of a constant (fixed) and strong magnetic field • Integrate out the fermions  An effective theory in a background strong magnetic field and consisting of massive mesons • The mesons are massive due to dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in the presence of strong magnetic field [Magnetic Catalysis] • The resulting system can be regarded as a magnetized fluid consisting of massive mesons and exhibiting chiral phase transition at some Tc  It mimics a magnetized hot QGP near the chiral critical point

  12. Our Method • Extend the thermodynamical and hydrodynamical relations  ChiralMagnetohydrodynamical (CMHD) formulation • Performing a 1st order stability analysis  Dispersion relation of plane waves propagating in this magnetized hot medium • Linearizing the dispersion relation  Speed of sound v_s What we expect here: • An anisotropy in the velocity distribution in this medium due to the presence of a fixed external magnetic field • Similar T dependence of v_s as was observed in Lattice QCD

  13. v_12 has a maximum at T~0.4-0.45 Tc v_12 remains constant for T>Tc

  14. v_13 has, independent on θ, a minimum at T~0.4-0.45 Tc v_13 remains also constant for T>Tc

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