1 / 23

Nanostructured Membranes for Water Remediation

Learn about the synthesis and application of nanostructured membranes for water remediation, including reductive/oxidative detoxification of chloro-organics. Explore technology transfer and on-site remediation solutions.

friedat
Download Presentation

Nanostructured Membranes for Water Remediation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. D. Bhattacharyya (DB)* Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering and Center of Membrane Sciences and L. Ormsbee Dept. of Civil Engineering and Water Resources Research Institute University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506 USA *email: db @uky.edu; phone: 859-257-2794 Nanostructured Membranes for Water Remediation SRP Water Innovation Risk eLearning Webinar June 20, 2016

  2. Acknowledgement • NIH-NIEHS-SRC • NSF KY EPSCoR Program • Southern Company; Chevron Corp (subcontract through Nanostone water) • Derek Wan, Anthony Saad, Minghui Gui, Li Xiao, S. Hernandez, Dr. Scott Lewis, Dr. Jian Xu, A. Colburn, Joe Papp, D. Davenport, Dr.V. Smuleac, Dr. S. Sikdar and Dr. Varma (US EPA); Dr. Rong Wang (NTU, Singapore); Dr. Noah Meeks (Southern Co), Ben Weaver and CJ Kurth (NanostoneWater) • UK Electron Microscopy Facility; ERTL (Environmental Research Training Lab) • Nanostone Water Corp (Full-Scale Membrane Development work) Membranes For Energy and Environment (NSF-KY-EPSCoR Program)

  3. Lecture Outline • Integration of Functionalized Membranes and nanoparticles, water detoxification • Nanostructured Membrane Synthesis (lab-scale to full-scale) • Membrane systems (lab-scale to larger scale), and detoxification results • Technology Transfer to other industrial sectors • On-Site remediation issues and solutions

  4. Functionalized Nanostructured membrane Technology: Reductive/Oxidative Detoxification of Chloro-organics from water MF PVDF Membrane Ethane TCE TCE Ethylene Reduction Hydrodechlorination (Higher Reaction Rate) PAA PAA Biphenyl PCBs Fe/Pd NP Functionalized Membrane Fe0 Nanoparticle (NP) Functionalized Membrane Polyacrylic acid (PAA) Functionalized Membrane Oxidation potentials: OH•: 2.7 V SO4-•: 2.6 V H2O2or persulfate addition Oxidation Full-scale synthesis Chlorinated organic acids • Research translation activities: • Southern Co. selenium removal • Chevron Co. naphthenic acid degradation • Nanostone-Sepro Membrane co, CA, full-scale manufacturing PCBs Iron Oxide (FexOy) NP Functionalized Membrane Hydroxylated biphenyls and organic acids H2O2 generation by Enzyme

  5. Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Functionalized Membranes • PAA functionalization of membranes (lab-scale to full-scale) • Iron ion exchange • Reduction to nanoparticles (NaBH4, Vitamin C, Tea Extract) • Post Pd or Ni coating Bhattacharyya, Smuleac, Varma, and Sikdar, GREEN SYNTHESIS NANOCOMPOSITE MEMBRANES, US Patent No. US 9,375,684 (June 28, 2016) Smuleac, Xiao, and Bhattacharyya, “Greener and other Approaches to Synthesize Nanoparticles in Functionalized Membranes and Hydrogel”, in Book on Sustainable Nanotechnology and the Environment: Advances and Achievements (ed by Shamim and Sharma), ACS

  6. Fe Pd SEM (100 k) EDX spectrum of Pd/Fe nanoparticles immobilized on PAA-modified PVDF membrane, using tea extract (epicatechin) as a reducing agent Average particle size ~ 20-30 nm Pd 3.1 wt% (of Fe)

  7. In-situ Nanoparticle Synthesis in Membrane pores APS Focused Ion Beam (FIB) Microscopy

  8. Nanoparticle Functionalized Hollow fiber membranes For water remediation Batch contact time, hr Hernandez, Ormsbee, Bhattacharyya, et al, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (2016) (Special Issue honoring Dr. Rajender Varma of US EPA)

  9. Small membrane Large-scale flat sheet and modules (collaborative work with Nanostone Membranes, Oceanside, CA)

  10. Membrane Test Cells Modules, and water remediation systems Cross-flow cell Dead-end cell Membrane modules

  11. pH responsive flux for Full-scale (40 in by 300 ft) PVDF400HE-PAA Membranes (manufactured at Nanostone Membrane Co, Oceanside, CA) (A) (B) pH 3.0 3.0 3.0 Compact state 5.5 5.5 5.5 7.3 7.3 ΔP=0.48 bar Ionized state M. Gui, L. Ormsbee and D. Bhattacharyya. Special issue honoring Enrico Drioli, I&EC Res. May, 2013 J. Membrane science (2015)

  12. TCE spiking :Pd/Ni Second metal TCE Dechlorination by Membrane-based Bimetallic Nanoparticles Fast and complete degradation Metal loading:4.5mg/20mL Fe/Ni (Ni = 25 wt%) Fe2+ Catalytic hydrodechlorination H* • Fe/Ni (Ni =25 wt%) in PAA/PVDF membranes • Metal loading: 0.08g/20ml • 16 cycles of TCE dechlorination TCE Ethane Longevity of Fe/Ni Nanoparticle Reactivity

  13. 2-Chlorobiphenyl Dechlorination (Convective Flow) Laminar flow membrane reactor model Surface area normalized reaction rate, kSA=0.32 L/m2 h (LFR) Varied by changing applied pressure Mass (Fe)=6.1 mg (size: 80 nm, ρm=58.5 g/L), Pressure varied between 5 and 11 bar. Membrane external area: 13.2 cm2. Pd loading: 0.9 wt% 0f Fe, [PCB]0= 31 µM, pH=7.5-8.0

  14. Remediation Strategies for PCB Degradation Reductive pathway Oxidative pathway Mildly toxic biphenyl from PCB dechlorination Toxic intermediates e.g. chloroacetic acid Combined pathway with membrane support M. Gui, L. Ormsbee and D. Bhattacharyya. I&EC Res. 2013, 52 (31),10430–10440

  15. Water detoxification technology by catalytic stacked membranes

  16. Technology Transfer to other areas: Collaborative Water Reuse Technology Development between University, Membrane Manufacturer, and Power Company Water reuse Colburn, Meeks, Weinman, and Bhattacharyya, IEC Research, March 2016

  17. Selenium and Trace Metal Reduction by Iron Functionalized Membrane (Gui, Bhattacharyya, et al, JMS (April 2015) E0(V) =0.497 E0(V) =1.025 E0(V) =-0.477 Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42- Se, As, Cd, Ni, Zn, Mn… Membrane pores Se(VI)/Se(IV) Fe0 PAA network inside PVDF Se(0)/Se(-II) Reduction Oxidation FexOy Se(VI)/Se(IV) Adsorption Treated water Selenium removal from Power Plant Scrubber water

  18. Research Translation Opportunities • CERCLA Sites (Larger Facilities) • DOE: Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant • PCBs • TCE • RCRA Sites (Smaller Facilities) • Small Industry (TCE) • Brownfields (Non Regulatory Drivers) • Dry Cleaner (PCE, TCE) • Over 300 Managed RCRA Drycleaners (70% releases) • Kentucky (62% of sites have releases) • 37 active drycleaners • 5 Managed sites • 26 Closed sites

  19. Future Vision Scenarios Paducah Uranium Gaseous Diffusion Plant Paducah, Kentucky Industrial Land uses Non Industrial Land uses

  20. Northwest Pump & Treat Facility Q = 200 gpm TCE, Tc99 Northeast Pump & Treat Facility TCE Q = 200 gpm TCE Tc99 Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant KY.

  21. Resin Dewatering Activated Carbon Sand Filters Equalization Tank & Pump Blower Blower Pumps Pump Ion Exchange Air Stripper Settling Tank Filter Press

  22. Brownfield Site

  23. Potentially Involved Parties Technology Patent License Manufacturer 1 Process Fabrication Manufacturer 2 Owner or PRP Site Approval Site Contractor Regulator Testing Application

More Related