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PM Undulators: Technology Overview, SWOT Analysis, and Recent Developments

This deliverable provides an introduction to PM undulators and their applications in X-ray FELs. It includes a SWOT analysis and highlights recent advancements in out-of-vacuum, in-vacuum, and cryogenic PM devices. The report also discusses scaling laws and outlines the next steps in PM undulator design.

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PM Undulators: Technology Overview, SWOT Analysis, and Recent Developments

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  1. Deliverable 5.1– Section 2 – PM undulators • Jordi Marcos (ALBA) on behalf of WP5-PM Task

  2. WP5 deliverables

  3. D5.1 table of contents

  4. D5.1, section 2: PM undulators

  5. D5.1, section 2: PM undulators • What have we done? • For each subcategory of PM undulators (out-of-vacuum, in-vacuum, and cryoundulators) • We have prepared a short introduction, explaining some generalities about the technology • We have established the application of that technology (as per today or foreseen in the near future) in X-ray FELs • We have performed a SWOT analysis • We have identified some recent developments that can be interesting in the context of CompactLight project

  6. D5.1, section 2: Out-of-vacuum devices No devices with period length mm

  7. D5.1, section 2: Out-of-vacuum devices SWOT

  8. D5.1, section 2: Out-of-vacuum devices advances Apple X undulator (SwissFEL) Small aperture galvanic Cu chamber (SwissFEL) Horizontal gap undulator with force compensation (LCLS II) Compact Apple X undulator (MaxLab)

  9. D5.1, section 2: In-vacuum devices T. Tanaka et al., In-vacuum undulators, Proceedings of FEL2005, Stanford, California, 2005, p.370

  10. D5.1, section 2: In-vacuum devices SWOT

  11. D5.1, section 2: In-vacuum devices advances In-situ measurement and automated correction (SwissFEL) Undulators with force compensation MMM (Multipole Monolithic Magnet) (SPring-8) Prototypes with force compensation Conventional IVU

  12. D5.1, section 2: cryogenic PM devices

  13. D5.1, section 2: cryogenic PM devices SWOT

  14. D5.1, section 2: cryogenic PM devices advances Compound poles and short period (mm) devices (HZB) In-situ measurement benches at low temperature ESRF Spring-8

  15. D5.1, section 2: summary Out-of-vacuum Room Temp. IVU CPMU

  16. D5.1, section 2: scaling laws Dedicated simulations for this project Data from literature

  17. PM undulator design: next steps • Define a balance between the different driving conditions: • Compactness • Feasibility • Cost • State of the art • Aggressive solutions • Previous balance will have an impact on parameters such as minimum gap value, usage of in-vacuum/out-of-vacuum solutions, configuration for variable polarization devices, etc. • Look for two or three design alternatives for each energy range

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