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Understanding Immunity: First and Second Lines of Defense in the Human Body

This comprehensive overview explores the body's defense mechanisms against pathogens. It discusses the first lines of defense, including mechanical barriers like skin and respiratory epithelium, as well as chemical and cellular barriers such as white blood cells. The inflammation response is examined alongside the second lines of defense, covering active and passive immunity, antigen processing, and the roles of various lymphocytes. Additionally, it touches on invertebrate immunity and addresses issues like allergies and autoimmunity, highlighting the complexities of the immune system.

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Understanding Immunity: First and Second Lines of Defense in the Human Body

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  1. Defense and Immunity I. First Lines of Defense A. Mechanical Barriers 1.Skin

  2. Respiratory Epithelium

  3. 2.Fluids

  4. B. Chemical Barriers

  5. C. Cellular Barriers

  6. White Blood Cells = Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Macrophages, &N-K Cells Figure 43.2 Figure 48.1

  7. Figure 48.1 Figure 43.1

  8. D. Inflammation

  9. Why have an inflammation response? Basophils and their friends Figure 43.8

  10. Why have an inflammation response?

  11. II. Second Lines of Defense A. Types of Immunity 1.Active 2.Passive

  12. GainingImmunity

  13. 3.Immune Response

  14. a. Antigens

  15. b. Clonal Selection Figure 43.14

  16. c. 1ovs. 2o Response Figure 43.15

  17. B. Cellular Involvement 1.Macrophage

  18. a. Structure

  19. Figure 43.1

  20. b. Function i. EatForeignAntigen ii. Turn on Lymphocytes

  21. c. Production Figure 42.19

  22. 2.Lymphocytes

  23. a. Structure Figure 42.19

  24. b. Function i. T-LymphocytesCell Mediated Immunity ii. B-LymphocytesHumoralImmunity

  25. c. Production i.Development, Figure 42.19

  26. ii. Assignment

  27. iii. Activation Class I MHC versus Class II MHC molecules Figure 43.12

  28. iii. Activation Figure 43.20

  29. iii. Activation Figure 43.16

  30. C. Cell Mediated Response

  31. Cell Mediated Immune Response Figure 43.17

  32. D. Humoral Response

  33. HumoralImmune Response Figure 43.18

  34. Antibody Structure Figure 43.9

  35. Antibodies Types

  36. Antibody Functions Figure 43.19

  37. Antibody Functions

  38. III. Second Lines of Defense: Invertebrates

  39. IV. Other Immunity Issues A. Allergies

  40. B. Autoimmunity

  41. Figure 42.23

  42. Learning should be intense frivolity (make it fun).

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