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Learn about how cells move materials through the membrane using passive transport processes like diffusion and osmosis, as well as active transport methods. Explore the concepts of facilitated diffusion, endocytosis, and exocytosis with simple demonstrations.
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UNIT 3 – Lesson 5 Notes Moving Cellular Materials
WASTE What a Cell Wants: OXYGEN WATER FOOD What a Cell Does NOT Want:
Passive Transport • The movement of substances through the cell membrane without energy. • Diffusion (gas) • Osmosis (water) • Facilitated Diffusion (food) NO ENERGY required!
Diffusion • The random movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration. (GASES) • But what does having a high concentration mean? • CLASS DEMO
Diffusion • Molecules of a substance will continue to move until the relative number of these molecules is equal in both areas. • This is called equilibrium. Example: Oxygen from lungs diffuses into blood.
Draw Me! After Diffusion Draw Me! Before Diffusion Simple Demo
Osmosis • The diffusion of water molecules into or out of the cell. • Water moves from an area of higher water molecule concentration to an area of lower water molecule concentration. Humm…sounds just like diffusion – except it’s with water!
Osmosis Cell Exposed to Pure Water Normal Cell Cell Exposed to Salt This movement will occur across a membrane. “Salt Sucks” – salt sucks water out of things.
Facilitated Diffusion • The diffusion of molecules across a membrane with the help of transport proteins. • Allows large molecules (food)to cross the membrane. Enter The Protein!
Draw Me! After Diffusion Draw Me! Before Diffusion Simple Demo proteins
Active Transport • ENERGY is required to move materials through a cell membrane. • A transport protein binds with the needed particle to move it through the cell membrane.
Active Transport • Molecules are moved against a concentration gradient. They move from areas of low concentration to areas of highconcentration. • Moves Waste With ENERGY
Draw Me! After Transposrt Draw Me! Before Transport Simple Demo proteins Uses ENERGY
Endocytosis • The process of taking substances into a cell by surrounding it with the cell membrane. • The cell membrane folds in on itself, enclosing the item in a sphere called a vesicle. The sphere pinches off, and the resulting vesicle enters the cytoplasm.
Exocytosis • The process of getting rid of substances. • The membrane of the vesicle fuses with the cell’s membrane and the contents are released. Outside of Cell Inside of Cell
Endocytosis! Exocytosis!
