The PRICE project

1. The PRICE project Justus Wesseler Project Coordinator Chair Agricultural and Food Economics, TechnischeUniversitätMünchen

2. Contents • Introduction of the project • Goal • Some background • Objectives of the project • General set-up and structure of the project • Introduction of the partners

3. The PRICE Project • PRICE = PRacticalImplementation ofCoexistence in Europe • Strategic Goal of PRICE: Support the coherent development and implementation of crop specific coexistence strategies by identifying feasible and cost-effective coexistence measures for food/feed GM, non-food/feed GM andnonGMcrops.

4. Background: GMOs in Europe • 1996: First GM cropsused in food in Europe • 1999-2004: Quasi moratorium on newapprovals • 2011: 43 eventsauthorizedforimport, 2 forcultivation (GMO compass) • Currently: • Bans ofcultivation in a.o. Germany, Hungary, Austria, Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Greece& France • Imports of GM soy, maize, cotton& others

5. EU‘sposition The 2730th Council Meeting Agriculture and Fisheries in May 2006 stressed: • The importance of purity standards for seeds for coexistence • That farmers should be fully informed about their rights and obligations concerning the planting of GMOs • The need for Community guidelines for the development of practical crops specific coexistence measures • That transparency and open dialogue with all stakeholders involved is important and should be intensifiedin thefuture.

6. EU regulations • Directive on the Deliberate Release into the Environment of Genetically Modified Organisms (2001/18) • Commercial use and cultivation • Regulation on Genetically Modified Food and Feed (1829/2003) • Food and feed that was made from or contains GM plants

7. Previousresearch on coexistence I • Co-Extra: “to provide the different stakeholders of the food and feed chains with fit for purpose tools and methodsallowing them to practically implement coexistence and traceability required by the current and forthcoming EC regulations and demanded by European consumers.“

8. Previousresearch on coexistence II • SIGMEA „to set up a science-based framework, strategies, methods and tools for assessing the ecological and economical impacts of GM crops and for an effective management of their development within European cropping systems, i.e. to create a practical toolbox.“ • Transcontainer „develop efficient and stable biological containment systems for genetically modified plants.”

9. What‘smissing? • Coherentapproachanalyzing coexistence practices among farmers • Coherent approach analyzing coexistence implications along the supply chain • Information on the potential of biological and physical containment methods such as cytoplasmic male sterility • Tools and models to derive cost-efficient coexistence strategies

10. PRICE defintion of coexistence Coexistence refers to the conditions under which GM and non-GM agricultural products can be grown in the same territory, transported and marketed side by side, preserving their identity in accordance with the relevant labeling rules and purity standards. http://price-coexistence.com/

11. Objectives of PRICE (I) • Economic analysis of coexistence practices in the EU. • Assessing the potential of biological and physical containment methods and CMS maize in particular for achieving coexistence • Developing a decision-tool software for providing information about efficient coexistence strategies at field and regional level.

12. Objectives of PRICE (II) • Assessing the economic potential for new food/feed and nonfood/feed GM crops and feasibilities of coexistence including seeds. • Investigating implications of coexistence in international and EU supply chains. • Developing a comprehensive information system which includes stakeholders from the start and will make research results available to the Member States and other stakeholders.

13. How do wegetthere? • 6 workpackages (WP) • 1 Management (WP 1) • 1 Communication (WP 6) • 4 Research (WP 2 – 5)

14. Research WPs: WP 2 Economic analysis of coexistence practices in the EU. • Coexistence compliance costs survey among maize farmers in the Czech Republic, Germany and Portugal, among maize and soybean farmers’ in Romania, and maize, sugar beet, and oil seed rape farmers in the UK. • Identification of innovative strategies chosen by farmers to reduce coexistence compliance costs. • Implications of the survey results for adoption of new GM crops: CMS GM maize, HR maize, HR soy-beans, HR sugar beets, GM potatoes.

15. Research WPs: WP 3 Potential of biological and physical containment methods forachievingcoexistence • Validation of a hypothetical coexistence regulation under field conditions taking into account flowering delays in combination with separation distances and buffer zones. • Development of molecular detection tools for air-borne dispersal of GM material. • Validation and quantification of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in maize. • Determination of effective isolation methods and distances for GM-CMS-Maize.

16. Research WPs: WP 4 Provide cost-effective tools for implementing and monitoring coexistence in practice • Update the gene flow datasets that have been collated in previous research projects; • Design efficient and cost-effective field sampling strategies; • Develop coexistence measures adapted to local agro-ecosystems; • Design a GIS-based decision-support tool to support coexistence; • Adapt the decision-support tool to public and private regulation purposes; • To delimit a framework and make recommendations for future implementation of the decision-support tool.

17. Research WPs: WP 5 Assessing coexistence in national and international supply chains • structure and governance aspects of the EU and international supply chains of maizeandsoybeans. • coexistence (identity preservation) costs, structure and the relevant governance aspects of GM and nonGM food supply chains • scenarios of changes in market costs, structure, and governance of each supply chain. • recommendations for labelling and traceability within EU and international supply chains

18. Internal structureoftheproject

21. Whatweexpectfromstakeholders • Comments andsuggestions on activities • Promotingtheproject (endorsementforcollaboration)