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OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW Introduction Ch-10 of HH

OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW Introduction Ch-10 of HH. Application Characteristics Section Parameters Flow State Types of Flow. Neary/S04. Application. Pressure vs. Open-channel flow. ?. free-water surface. pressure flow (pressure driven). open-channel flow (typ. gravity driven).

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OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW Introduction Ch-10 of HH

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  1. OPEN-CHANNEL FLOWIntroduction Ch-10 of HH • Application • Characteristics • Section Parameters • Flow State • Types of Flow Neary/S04

  2. Application

  3. Pressure vs. Open-channel flow ? free-water surface pressure flow (pressure driven) open-channel flow (typ. gravity driven)

  4. Section Parameters • Reach Length =L [L]= arbitrary horizontal distance between two cross-sections • Bed slope = So [L/L] = -dz/dx = -(z2-z1)/L = tanq • Flow depth =y [L] = vertical distance from channel bottom to free water surface • Depth of flow sec =d [L] = flow depth normal to flow, d=ycosq • Top width = T[L] = Width at free-surface • Flow area = A[L2] = cross-sectional area normal to flow direction • Wetted perimeter = P[L] = length of channel boundary in contact with water • Hydraulic radius = R[L] = A/P • Hydraulic depth = D[L] = A/T • Section Factor Critical Flow = Zc =AD1/2 [L5/2] • Section Factor Uniform Flow = Zn = AR2/3 [L8/3]

  5. Parameters: Circular Section do y

  6. Flow State • Reynolds Number • Laminar flow • Turbulent flow • Froude Number • Subcritical flow • Supercritical flow • Critical flow

  7. Types of Flow Variation in Time? • Steady flow velocity and depth change with time • Unsteady flow velocity and depth change with time Variation in Space? • Uniform flow velocity and depth same at every cross-section • Nonuniform flow velocity and depth vary between cross-sections

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