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Pitfall Trap

Pitfall Trap. There are many different ways of constructing pitfall traps: If you want to keep the animals alive, omit the preservative liquid in the bottom and punch drainage holes in the container.

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Pitfall Trap

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  1. Pitfall Trap There are many different ways of constructing pitfall traps: • If you want to keep the animals alive, omit the preservative liquid in the bottom and punch drainage holes in the container. • Put in a piece of wood as a life raft for small animals such as lizards in case flooding occurs. • Reduce the distance between the container and the cover in order to exclude mice. unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000963/096345eo.pdf preservative liquid Jane Young et al The Biolab Sourcebook ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  2. Minibeast Trap ATTRACTING HERBIVORES • Make up a syrup by heating a mixture of 50 g black treacle, 100g sugar & 30 mL water. • Bore holes through the potato so that they meet in the middle then cut the potato in half and hollow out some of the middle. • Put syrup in the central cavity of one half of the potato. • Put the halves back together and secure with cocktail sticks. • Bury in leaf litter or just below the soil surface. Mark with a stick so it can be relocated and checked. unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000963/096345eo.pdf ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  3. Artificial Cover Object (ACO) An Artificial Cover Object provides a warm, dark refuge for small animals. The ACOs shown here are made of the roofing material, Onduline. Two layers of Onduline are separated by plywood spacers.A container of a bait such as mashed pear may be used to help attract the animals. ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  4. Insect Collecting Jane Young et al The Biolab Sourcebook ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  5. Umbrella Collector unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000963/096345eo.pdf ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  6. Tullgren (Berlese) Funnel COLLECTING SMALL SOIL ANIMALS • Either cut a circle of fine wire mesh so that it will fit inside the funnel, or put the soil sample in a piece of muslin. • Don’t put the lamp too close to the sample or the animals will be killed before they can escape to the bottom. • Damp paper towelling in the base will help them to survive for longer. funnel unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000963/096345eo.pdf ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  7. Baermann Funnel A Baermann funnel is used to extract the small soil organisms that live in the film of water around soil particles, or those that would be likely to become dessicated if collected with a Berlese (Tullgren) funnel. ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  8. Uhlig Sea Ice Technique • Collect a sediment and a water sample from the same location, and freeze the water. • Cover one end of a tube (eg plastic drain pipe) with coarse nylon gauze. • Put the sediment sample on the gauze and cover with a thin layer of cotton wool. • Add the crushed seawater ice on top. As it melts, the small motile organisms will be carried through the gauze and can be collected in a Petri dish below. Jane Young et al The Biolab Sourcebook ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  9. Tracking Tunnel ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  10. Tracking Tunnels Middle painted with ‘Black Track’ Brown paper placed at each end of the tunnel Tunnels are made from Korflute then painted green.

  11. Point Quadrat • Used to estimate comp- osition and percentage of low-growing plant species. • Quadrat is free-standing and can be placed using random coordinates. • Sliding pins are lowered onto the vegetation and a record made of how many ‘hits’ are madefor each species. Gareth Williams Techniques & Fieldwork in Ecology ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  12. Exclosures ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES - The No 8 Fencing Wire Approach Jane & Jim Young

  13. Effects of grazing THE END

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