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ARTS ACROSS THE NATION

ARTS ACROSS THE NATION. Angie Mangiantini. ARE WE DOING ENOUGH?. ONE STATE’S STORY: WASHINGTON. Focus of Presentation. Music Visual Arts Research and Considerations NAEP Arts Assessment Results Washington State Arts Program District Arts Data. Research and Considerations.

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ARTS ACROSS THE NATION

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  1. ARTS ACROSS THE NATION Angie Mangiantini

  2. ARE WE DOING ENOUGH? adm062010

  3. ONE STATE’S STORY: WASHINGTON adm062010

  4. Focus of Presentation • Music • Visual Arts • Research and Considerations • NAEP Arts Assessment Results • Washington State Arts Program • District Arts Data adm062010

  5. Research and Considerations adm062010

  6. Are We Doing Enough? • Research over the last ten years • Transfer* of skills learned in the arts • Mathematics • Reading • Writing • Executive Control • Cognitive Development • Spatial Temporal Reasoning *transfer denotes instances where learning in one context assists learning in a different context1 adm062010

  7. Major Studies(Not an inclusive list) • SAT Study (2000) – found students with 4 or more years of arts scored higher on assessments • Critical Links (2002) – meta-analysis of studies focusing on the academic and social effects of arts learning experiences • Dana Foundation (2008)– 7 studies searching for causality between art training and changes in the brain • NEUROEDUCATION: Learning, Arts and the Brain - Findings and Challenges for Educators and Researchers from the 2009 Johns Hopkins University Summit – explores the intersection of cognitive neuroscience, the arts and learning. This was an expansion on Dana report released in 2008 adm062010

  8. Conclusion: • Students who take any kind of art course in high school for at least four years have higher SAT scores than those who take no art courses • Results purely correlational • May be other possible explanations besides exposure to arts adm062010

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  11. Critical Links (2002) – meta-analysis of studies focusing on the academic and social effects of arts learning experiences • Includes 62 research studies • Summarized by James Catteral, Lois Hetland and Ellen Winner • Divided into five art form areas • Dance • Drama • Visual Arts • Music • Multi-Arts adm062010

  12. Critical Links: Findings in Music Research adm062010

  13. Critical Links: Findings in Visual Arts …presents clear evidence that skills learned through the arts can transfer to science adm062010

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  15. Dana Foundation (2008) • Brought together neuroscientists from 7 universities to answer the question: Why arts training is associated with higher academic performance? adm062010

  16. Findings hint at relationships1. Interest in performing arts lead to a high state of motivation and training in motivation leads to improvement of other domains of cognition 2. Genetic studies have begun which may help explain differences in interest in the arts 3. Specific links exist between high levels of music training and the ability to manipulate information in both working and long term memory 4. In children, there appear to be specific links between the practice of music and skill in geometrical representation 5. Correlations exist between music training and both reading acquisition and sequence learning adm062010

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  18. Elements of the Arts Theory • There are specific brain networks for different art forms • There is a general factor of interest in arts • When this general factor of arts is high, training in a specific art form produces high interest or motivation • This interest or motivation sustains attention • High sustained attention in conflict related tasks improves cognition adm062010

  19. CONCLUSIONS: Arts training works through the training of attention to improve cognition for children with interest and abilities in the arts. Future study: Role of genes and the interaction of genes and environment in influencing attention to the arts. adm062010

  20. 3 • Explore the intersection of cognitive neuroscience, the arts and learning • Emerging field of neuroeducation - explores how children learn and what practices promote and sustain the learning process • Interdisciplinary field which combines neuroscience, psychology and education adm062010

  21. Summit Outcomes • Educators and researchers must communicate and collaborate • Translation of research must occur in different forms • Lab schools should be cultivated as authentic settings for research and development of integrated academic models • Arts learning must be better understood before we can integrate it into the curriculum adm062010

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  24. 2008 NAEP Arts Assessment Results adm062010

  25. Results of the 2008 NAEP Arts Assessment • 7,900 8th graders in 260 schools participated in the Arts assessment • Music: 4,000 students • Visual Arts: 3,900 students • Two separate scores reported • Average responding score – Music and Visual Arts • Scale 0-300 • Average creating task score – Visual Arts • Scale 0-100 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  26. Overall Results (Public Schools): • Music average responding scale score: 149 • Visual Arts average responding scale score: 149 • Visual Arts average creating task score: 52 • Reported as the average percentage of the maximum possible score (100) adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  27. Responding Score Results in Music SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment. adm062010

  28. Responding Score Results in Visual Arts SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment. adm062010

  29. 2008 results could not be compared to 1997 results • Change in scoring procedure and materials • Answers to multiple choice items could be compared adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  30. Comparison of Responses on the 2008 Music Multiple Choice Items to the 1997 Assessment Percentage correct higher in 1997 Percentage correct higher in 2008 adm062010

  31. Comparison of Responses on the 2008 Visual Arts Multiple Choice Items to the 1997 Assessment Percentage correct higher in 1997 adm062010

  32. 2008 NAEP Arts Assessment: Music Scale Scores NORTHEAST 154 MIDWEST 157 WEST 142 SOUTH 146 Number of states by region adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  33. 2008 NAEP Arts Assessment: Visual Arts Scale Scores NORTHEAST 160 MIDWEST 153 WEST 142 SOUTH 146 Number of states by region adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  34. 2008 Grade 8 Student Populations by Region and Type of School Location adm062010

  35. Average Scale Score Results by Location of School CITY MUSIC = 139 CITY VISUAL ARTS = 141 SUBURB MUSIC = 154 SUBURB VISUAL ARTS = 154 TOWN MUSIC = 156 TOWN VISUAL ARTS = 149 RURAL MUSIC = 149 RURAL VISUAL ARTS = 152 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  36. Does your district or state have a curriculum in any of the following subject areas that your school is expected to follow? Music (school-reported) • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 87% • Midwest – 65% • South – 78% • West – 60% Total Grade 8 Students Without Music In Their Curriculum: 1,030,567 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  37. How often does a typical eighth-grade student in your school receive instruction in each of the following subjects? Music (school-reported)Values: 3-4 Times A Week • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 22% • Midwest – 22% • South – 16% • West – 31% Total Grade 8 Students Not Receiving Music Instruction 3-4 Times Per Week: 2,893,145 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  38. In the last year, did your school sponsor eighth-grade field trips in connection with any of the following subject areas? Music (school-reported) • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 56% • Midwest – 66% • South – 70% • West – 63% Total Grade 8 Students Without The Opportunity To Participate in a Music Field Trip: 1,008,735 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  39. Does your district or state have a curriculum in any of the following subject areas that your school is expected to follow? Visual arts (school-reported) • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 92% • Midwest – 78% • South – 70% • West – 59% Total Grade 8 Students Without Visual Arts In Their Curriculum: 1,012,447 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  40. How often does a typical eighth-grade student in your school receive instruction in each of the following subjects? Visual Arts (school-reported)Value: 3-4 Times A Week • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 21% • Midwest – 13% • South – 13% • West – 27% Total Grade 8 Students Not Receiving Instruction In Visual Arts 3-4 Times a Week: 3,049,998 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  41. In the last year, how many times did you go with your class to an art museum, gallery, or exhibit? (student-reported)Value: 1 or 2 times • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 14% • Midwest – 14% • South – 14% • West – 14% Total Grade 8 Students Without The Opportunity To Go To a Museum: 3,115,794 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  42. NORTHEAST WEST NORTHEAST WEST SOUTH MIDWEST adm062010

  43. In the last year, did your school sponsor eighth-grade field trips in connection with any of the following subject areas? Visual arts (school-reported) • Percent by Region answering Yes: • Northeast – 58% • Midwest – 36% • South – 33% • West – 41% Total Grade 8 Students Without The Opportunity To Go On a Visual Arts Field Trip: 2,233,597 adm062010 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2008 Arts Assessment.

  44. Out of 50 states only six do not have state statutes requiring Arts Education Source: Education Commission of the States 700 Broadway, Suite 810 Denver, CO 80203-3442 303.299.3600 Fax: 303.296.8332 www.ecs.org adm062010

  45. CONTACT INFORMATION: Angie Mangiantini, NAEP State Coordinator Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 600 Washington Street SE Olympia, WA 98504 360-725-6415 angie.mangiantini@k12.wa.us adm062010

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