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Iran

Iran. Kaitlin Mitchell, Tommy Schiavoni, Mikayla Panneton. Middle East Between Iraq and Afghanistan 1,648,195 sq km land: 1,531,595 sq km water: 116,600 sq km Natural Resources: petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur. Geography.

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Iran

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  1. Iran Kaitlin Mitchell, Tommy Schiavoni, Mikayla Panneton

  2. Middle East Between Iraq and Afghanistan 1,648,195 sq km land: 1,531,595 sq km water: 116,600 sq km Natural Resources: petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur Geography

  3. Population • About 75 million people • Persian 61%, Azeri 16%, Kurd 10%, Arab 2%, Lur 6%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1% • Almost all speak Persian as well as their ethnic language • High literacy rate over 80%. • 18th most populous country in the world

  4. History • Agha Mohammad Khan-unified the country by defeating neighboring rivals during 18th century • Naser o-Din Shah- Brought many western ideas to Iran (technology, and educational methods) • 1881- Russia began infiltrating northern border, British began having large influence upon the economy • 1907- Anglo-Russian agreement, Iran controlled by Britain and Russia • 1953- Britain and Us help Iran to overthrow the Prime Minister, bringing back the traditional use of a “shah” • With help, Iran started saving up funds for defense and began building their military • 1970- Shah Reza Pahlavi faced growing opposition led by exiled spiritual leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini • 1979- Islamic Revolution, Pahlavi was ousted, Khomeni became ruler after returning from his exile in France • New constitution established- popularly elected president, with a more powerful Supreme Power.

  5. Economy • Crippled by 1979 Islamic revolution, now is in process of recovering. • Agriculture: wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, sugarcane, fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool; caviar • GDP growth rate in 2009 : 4%, 2010 59%, 2012 2% • GDP broken down: agriculture: 10.3%, industry: 40.2%, services: 49.5% • Major exports are to neighboring countries, not many ties with Western World • Main export is oil, increasing profit as prices rise throughout world • Suffering from double digit unemployment rate, many moving elsewhere • 15.3% (2011 est.), 14.6% (2010 est.)

  6. Government • Iran has been a theocracy since the Islamic Revolution of 1979. It has been at odds with the United States and the West for much of that time. • Appointed, rather than elected, offices and bodies hold the real power in the government. • The supreme leader oversees the military and judiciary and appoints members of the Guardian Council and the Expediency Discernment Council. • The current Iran President is Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

  7. Religion • Islam is the official religion entered in the 7th century. • About 90% of Iranians are Muslims. The remainder are • mostly Kurds and Arabs, are Sunnis. • In addition to Armenian and Assyrian Christian sects, there are Jews, Protestants, and Roman Catholics • Baha’i, the successor of Babism takes up barely 1% of Iran’s population. Sufism suffered government restrictions under Islam Republic.

  8. Interactions with U.S. • There are currently no formal diplomatic relations between Iran and the United States. • After the advent of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Iran-US relations underwent a major change. Iran became the main US adversary in the Middle East and the US tried to contain it. • Iran and the United States need each other for two sets of issues: First, to tackle regional problems like in Iraq and Afghanistan. Second, to settle Iran’s nuclear crisis

  9. Bibliography • "Demographics of Iran." Demographics of Iran. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://irandemography.weebly.com/>. • "Iran." Iran. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1142.html>. Demographics of Iran." Demographics of Iran. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://irandemography.weebly.com/>. • "Iran: Government." Iran: Government. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://www.parstimes.com/gov_iran.html>. • "Iran." Iran. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1142.html>. • "Iran." News. N.p., 20 Nov. 2012. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/iran/index.html>.

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