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° ° ° Alexei Mojarov, Special Unit on Commodities, UNCTAD alexei.mojarov@unctad.org

Mining, Minerals and Metals UNCTAD Virtual Institute Study Tour University of Dar-es-Salaam 15-26 February 2010 Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland. ° ° ° Alexei Mojarov, Special Unit on Commodities, UNCTAD alexei.mojarov@unctad.org. Outline of presentation. The basics.

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° ° ° Alexei Mojarov, Special Unit on Commodities, UNCTAD alexei.mojarov@unctad.org

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  1. Mining, Minerals and MetalsUNCTAD Virtual Institute Study Tour University of Dar-es-Salaam15-26 February 2010Palais des Nations, Geneva, Switzerland ° ° ° Alexei Mojarov, Special Unit on Commodities, UNCTAD alexei.mojarov@unctad.org

  2. Outline of presentation • The basics. • Minerals and metals trade: an overview • Trading in minerals and metals. • Investment in mining and metals production • Mining and development • Intertnational Policy Issues

  3. 1.The basics • A. Definitions • B. Mining and metals production: the basics • B.1 Mining and metals production • B.2 Cost structure of mining and metals production • B.3 Environmental management • B.4 The concept of finite and non-renewable resources: will we run out of minerals? • B.5 The long term direction of mineral prices • C. Areas for research

  4. 2. Minerals and metals trade: an overview • A. Supply: The geography of mining and metals production • B. Demand: Where are minerals and metals used? • C. International trade flows for minerals and metals • D. Areas for research

  5. 3. Trading minerals and metals • A. Trading and pricing practices • A.1 A categorization of minerals markets • A.2 Pricing practices • A.3 Price fluctuations • A.4 Price risk management • B. Minerals in the international trading system • B.1Tariffs B.2 Non-tariff measures B.3Anti-dumping B.4 Restrictions on exports • C. Areas for research

  6. 4. Investment in mining and metals production • A. Specific characteristics of mining investment • B. Pattern of mining investment • C. Features of mining investment regimes • C.1 The evolution of investment regimes over the long term • C.2Mining taxation • C.2.1 Royalties • C.2.2 Corporate income tax • C.2.3 Progressive taxes

  7. 4. Investment in mining and metals production • C. Features of mining investment regimes (continued) • C.2.4 Special taxation incentives • C.2.5 Government equity sharing • C.2.6 Revenue distribution between different levels of government • C.3 Licensing regimes • C.4 Transparency initiatives • D. Areas for research

  8. 5. Mining and development • A. The role of mining in the industrialization process • B. Mining and macro-economic stability • B.1 The resource curse theory • B.1.1 Declining terms of trade • B.1.2 Volatile markets • B.1.3 Dutch disease • B.1.4 Crowding-out effects • B.1.5 Corruption and rent seeking • B.2 Country success cases

  9. 5. Mining and development • C. Mining and poverty • C.1 Mining and local development • C.2 Small scale and artisanal mining • C.3 Mining and indigenous people • D. Areas for research

  10. 6. International policy issues • A. Intergovernmental cooperation on stabilization of minerals markets and export revenues • B. International Law • B.1 Binding, or “hard” international law and “soft” law • B.2 International investment agreements • B.2.1 Investment protection • B.2.2 Performance requirements • B.2.3 Expropriation provisions • B.2.4 Investor-State dispute settlement • B.3 Human rights

  11. 6. International policy issues • C. International actors • C.1 Intergovernmental organizations • C.1.1 United Nations system • C.1.2 International financial institutions • C.1.3 The Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development, (IGF) • C.2 Business associations • C.4. NGOs • D. Areas for research

  12. alexei.mojarov@unctad.org • THANK YOU!

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