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1984

1984. GEORGE ORWELL Life: Eric Arthur Blair. Born in India in 1903 Studied at Eton College Against the British policy in India Lived like an homeless to see society’s reaction Joined United Workers Marxist Party in Spain. Worked as a journalist in WWII

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1984

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  1. 1984

  2. GEORGE ORWELL Life: Eric Arthur Blair • Born in India in 1903 • StudiedatEton College • Against the British policy in India • Livedlike an homeless to seesociety’sreaction • JoinedUnitedWorkersMarxist Party in Spain • Workedas a journalist in WWII • Lived on the island of Jura, Scotland • Died in 1950 in London

  3. Style • FICTION • Imagery and symbolism • 3rd person narrative • Words are clear, simple and short • NON FICTION • Real-life events • First person point of view • Colloquial diction and sympathetic tone

  4. 1984 Nineteen Eighty-Four was written in 1948 and published in 1949. This is a dystopian novel, as the writer does not represent the society of his dreams, which would be a clear utopia, but he creates a completely negative world, maybe the worst possible. Every part of the world, which is divided into 3 superpowers involved in a continuous war, is dominated by a different kind of totalitarianism: Oceania by the Ingsoc, Eurasia by Neo-Bolshevism and Eastasia by Obliteration of the Self.

  5. PLOT In 1984, Winston Smith lives in London, in Oceania. Oceania is a totalitarian society led by Big Brother, which censors everyone’s behaviorand thoughts. Winston is disgusted with his oppressed life and secretly longs to join the Brotherhood, a group of underground rebels against the government. Winston meets Julia and they secretly fall in love and have an affair, which is considered a crime. One day, while walking home, Winston encounters O’Brian, an inner party member, who gives him his address. Winston had exchanged glances with O’Brian before and had dreams about him giving him the impression that O’Brian was a member of the Brotherhood. Since Julia hated the party as much as Winston did, they went to O’Brian’s house together where they were introduced into the Brotherhood. O’Brian is actually a faithful member of the Inner-Party and this is actually a trap for Winston, a trap that O’Brian has been cleverly setting for seven years. Winston and Julia are sent to the Ministry of Love which is a sort of rehabilitation center for criminals accused of thoughtcrime. There, Winston was separated from Julia, and tortured until his beliefs coincided with those of the Party. Winston denounces everything he believed him, even his love for Julia, and was released back into the public where he wastes his days at the Chestnut Tree drinking gin.

  6. CHARACTERS • WINSTON SMITH • Intellectual, member of the Outer Party • Editor responsible for historical revisionism • Journal of negative thoughts and opinions about the Party and Big Brother • Name is the same of Churchill • In love with Julia(whorepairs the Minitrue novel-writing machines)

  7. NEWSPEAK Thereis a greatrevelancegiven to language and thought. In factthereis a complete section of the Party whichworks on the languagespoken in Oceania. Theiraimis to simplify and even eliminate allsynonyms and antonyms. Thisfacthas an importanteffect, asitlimits the personal way of expressing of everycitizen, and doing so also the ability of thinking.

  8. DOUBLETHINK Thisis the possibility to maintain and believe in twoideasat the same time, evenifthey are completelycontradictory. Thisprincipleisparticularlyimportant for the Party becausepeople, astheycan’trecognise and distinguishbetweentwo opposite ideas, are constricted to accept, and evenexalt, what the Party states. A clearexampleis «blackwhite» whichhastwomeanings, depending to whoitisreferred to. Applied to an opponent, it means the habit of impudently claiming that black is white, in contradiction of the plain facts. Applied to a Party member, it means a loyal willingness to say that black is white when Party discipline demands this.

  9. THEMES • There are fivemainthemes in the novel: • Nationalism, which can be positive(in the love for the Big Brother), negative(in the hate for Goldstein) and transferred(redirects emotions from one power unit to another) • Sexual repression, which is represented by the Junior Anti-Sex-League, and even love is forbidden • Futurology, as the Party wants to create a society completelyoppressed by hisownpower • Censorship, in factthereis a Ministry of Truthwhichrewritesarticles and changesphotographs to change the reality • Surveillance, aseveryoneisalwayswatched and listenedto atany time.

  10. FAMOUS QUOTES • BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU. • WAR IS PEACE • FREEDOM IS SLAVERY • IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH • Who controls the past, controls the future: who controls the present controls the past. • The sexual act, successfully performed, was rebellion. Desire was thoughtcrime. • 2 + 2 = 5

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