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AXILLARY ARTERY

AXILLARY ARTERY. begins as the continuation of subclavian artery at the outer border of first rib. ends by continuing as brachial artery at the lower border of teres major muscle. along its course it is divided by pectoralis minor muscle into three parts. Axillary artery.

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AXILLARY ARTERY

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  1. AXILLARY ARTERY beginsas the continuation of subclavian artery at the outer border of first rib. ends by continuing as brachial artery at the lower border of teres major muscle. along its course it is divided by pectoralis minor muscle into three parts.

  2. Axillary artery

  3. Parts of the Artery

  4. BRANCHES: • I PART:1.Superior thoracic artery. • II PART:1.Thoraco- acromial artery.2.superior thoracic artery. • III PART:1.subscapular artery. 2.ant.circumflex humeral artery. 3.post.circumflex humeral artery.

  5. Relations of Axillary artery

  6. Axillary vein: • continuation of basilic vein or union of basilic vein with the venae comitantes of the brachial artery, at the lower border of Teres major • Ends at the outer border of 1st rib, continuing as subclavian vein • Tributaries: cephalic vein & the veins which correspond with the branches of axillary artery Cephalic vein

  7. Applied anatomy of axillary vessels: • Part of the vein in front of the 1st part of the axillary artery may get compressed by the subclavius muscle during abduction, which may account for axillary vein thrombosis when the arm is held in prolonged abduction above the head during painting of a ceiling. • Occasionally, an axillary arch (muscular band connecting latissimus dorsi & pectoralis major) may compress axillary vessels.

  8. Apical nodes Central group Anterior group Posterior group Axillary lymph nodes: • About 20-30 in number • Drain the lymphatics from: i) the upper limb ii) most of the mammary gland iii) cutaneous lymphatics from the trunk above the level of umbilicus • Divided into 5 groups- anterior, posterior, lateral, central & apical

  9. Lie along lateral thoracic vein at the lower border of pectoralis minor Drains most of the lymphatics from the breast In contact with the Axillary tail of Spence. Carcinoma of this part of breast may be misdiagnosed as enlarged lymph node Lie along the subscapular vessels in the posterior wall of axilla Receives lymphatics from the trunk as far as the iliac crest Anterior group: Posterior group: Lateral group: • Posteromedial to the axillary • vein in the lateral wall of axilla • From the entire upper limb • except those lymphatics which accompany the cephalic vein

  10. Close to the base of axilla Receives afferents from the anterior, posterior & lateral groups Efferents drain into the apical group Intercostobrachial nerve passes through these nodes At the apex of axilla medial to the axillary vein Afferents from i) subcutaneous lymphatics of upper limb that accompany the cephalic vein ii) upper margin of the mammary gland iii) all other groups of axillary lymph nodes Efferents form the subclavian trunk Apical group: Central group:

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